I Have a Gambling Problem Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Papers

I Have a Gambling Problem professors comment This students essay is well researched, strongly analytical, and seriously ain. But the essay did not begin as a personal essayfar from it from major rewriting emerged this fascinating and very effective essay, in which social and personal analysis intertwine.Hi, my name is ______ and this is my first GamAnon meeting. I am nineteen years old, and I started gambling in junior high, $5 bets with friends. In high school, craps and deuces were the craze. The teachers had no idea. Then I started playing the lottery, hoping to fringe the jackpot. Age neer really mattered since the vendor never asked to see ID. In my first year of college, I started wagering on sporting scourts through an online sports book. It was completely legal, blush though I was only 18 years old. I have always loved sports and having money on a game made it even more than fun, more exciting. At first, it was only $25 or $50 a game, but then things got out of control I was laying hundreds of dollars on single games. It wasnt fun anymore. My bank account dwindled from four figures to two. My GPA was half my high school 4.0+. I knew I had a problem, but I just couldnt stop, no matter how hard I tried. Thats why Im here today. I need help. I never thought that a friendly wager could lead to such self-destructive behavior. Luckily, I recognized that I had a gambling problem and sought help, dissimilar the millions of other pathological gamblers who allow their problems to worsen, some eventually becoming involved with drugs, alcohol, and crime (Lesieur 43). Annually, Americans legally wager over five hundred billion dollarsmore than they spend on groceriesand illegally bet hundreds of billions more (Ren... ...ychological Reports 67 (1990) 907-912. Griffiths, Mark. Adolescent Gambling. New York Routledge, 1995. Koughan, Martin. Easy Money. Mother Jones. July 1997 32-37. Layden, Tim. Bettor Education. Sports Illustrated. April 3, 1995 68-83. Le sieur, Henry R. Compulsive Gambling. Society. May 1992 43-50. McGowan, Richard. recount Lotteries and Legalized Gambling. Westport Quorum, 1994. McGraw, Dan. The National Bet Laying an Illegal Wager Has Never Been Easier. U.S. News and World Report. April 7, 1997 50-56. Reno, Paul. The Diceman Cometh. Policy Review 76 (1996) 40-46. Sandel, Michael J. Bad Bet. New Republic 216 (1997) 27. Simon, Paul. The annihilative Side of Gambling Mania. St. Louis Journalism Review 26 (1995) 8-11. Snyder, R.J. Gambling Swindles and Victims. Journal of Gambling Behavior 2 (1986) 50-57.

Traditional and Internet Dating Essay -- Dating Social Values Changes

Traditional and Internet geological dating At some point in our lives where we are searching for that supererogatory someone. The methods of going about dating have changed quite dramatically over the years. Going out has grown from traditional dating, to internet dating, to group dating.Traditional Dating has changed over the years. In my generation the girls can ask the guys, there is no telling where they might go on a date, or they might only if hang out at home, which did not happen as much 25 years ago. My generations moral values are changing too finish up on the first date happens more frequently now. Many Years ago a guy would go pick the girl up at her house, was introduced to her parents and have a talk with them before taking their little girl out for a first date. Now, however, guys and girls meet somewhere or the guy in force(p) beeps the horn and in many cases the parents do not meet the guy with whom their daughter is going out. When my parents were young, dating was something taken seriously, and knew someone for a period of clock before ever asking her out on a date. Today a date may be just something to do for fun or if you are bored. Nowadays many people hook-up at bar, clubs or random parties. I wonder what changes are to be in the future of dating.What kind of individual goes online and uses personal ads to meet their mate. The Internet changing everything from the way we shop to the way we find driving directions. Cyberspace has become the hottest pick-up jo...

The Schoolchildren’s Blizzard Analysis Essay -- children’s blizzard, sn

At 1242 p.m. the air was perfectly calm for near ane little the next minute the sky was completely overcast by labored black clouds which, for a few minutes previous, had hung along the occidental and northwestern horizon, and the plait veered to the west and blew with such violence as to render the position of the observer on the roof unsafe. The air was immediately filled with degree centigrade as graceful as sifted flour (Potter). No peerless expected the rash that would soon come rolling over to create some of the infelicitous deaths. Now, the questions are what only happened during the storm, how are snowstorms created, and what damages it caused.On January 12, 1888, the Childrens skin rash hits part of the Northwest Plains. This blizzard is also known as the Schoolchildrens snowstorm or schoolhouse Blizzard (Potter). The name is associated with schoolchildrens because it was mostly children trying to go back home, that froze to death along their way. It was such a beautiful day, comely like one of those days someone would have in April, that no one would have suspected such a bitter snowstorm to come. The blizzard came when a cold, diametric wind from Canada met with the winds that came from the south. Everyone, including the kids, were dressed up with short sleeves. Just like how somebody would wear on a hot, spring day. The air from Canada carried heavy snow and acrid winds along with it, causing the hurricane (Blizzard Brings Tragedy to Northwest Plains). The Childrens Blizzard hit both of South and North Dakota (back then in 1888, it was one territory), Nebraska, Minnesota, Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho, causing loads of heartbroken and unexpected deaths (McLeod). Temperature dropped from above freezing in many areas to well below z... ...izzard Brings Tragedy to Northwest Plains. History.com. A&E television Networks, 12 Jan. 2007. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. NWS Internet Services Team. Glossary - NOAAs National brook Service.Glossary - NOAA s National Weather Service. National Weather Service, 25 June 2009. Web. 02 Mar. 2014.What Is a Blizzard? Weather Questions. Weather Questions, 30 Nov. 2010. Web. 03 Mar. 2014.Snow Storms Whats a Blizzard. Forces of Nature TQ 2000. Web. 3 Mar. 2014. .Laukaitis, Algis J. The Blizzard of 1888 -- the Force of a White Hurricane -- Hit 125 Years Ago. JournalStar.com. JournalStar, 11 Jan. 2013. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. Snowstorms Throughout History. Kent alter AAAHeatingAC. AAA Heating AC. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.Blizzards. Blizzard. Oracle ThinkQuest. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. The Schoolchildrens Blizzard Analysis Essay -- childrens blizzard, snAt 1242 p.m. the air was perfectly calm for about one minute the next minute the sky was completely overcast by heavy black clouds which, for a few minutes previous, had hung along the western and northwestern horizon, and the wind veered to the west and blew with such violence as to render the position of the observer on the roof unsafe. The air was immediately filled with snow as fine as sifted flour (Potter). No one expected the blizzard that would soon come rolling over to create some of the unfortunate deaths. Now, the questions are what exactly happened during the storm, how are snowstorms created, and what damages it caused.On January 12, 1888, the Childrens Blizzard hits part of the Northwest Plains. This blizzard is also known as the Schoolchildrens Blizzard or Schoolhouse Blizzard (Potter). The name is associated with schoolchildrens because it was mostly children trying to go back home, that froze to death along their way. It was such a beautiful day, just like one of those days someone would have in April, that no one would have suspected such a bitter snowstorm to come. The blizzard came when a cold, arctic wind from Canada met with the winds that came from the south. Everyone, including the kids, were dressed up with short sleeves. Just like how somebody would wear on a hot, spring day. The air from Canada carried heavy snow and harsh winds along with it, causing the hurricane (Blizzard Brings Tragedy to Northwest Plains). The Childrens Blizzard hit both of South and North Dakota (back then in 1888, it was one territory), Nebraska, Minnesota, Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho, causing lots of heartbroken and unexpected deaths (McLeod). Temperature dropped from above freezing in many areas to well below z... ...izzard Brings Tragedy to Northwest Plains. History.com. A&E Television Networks, 12 Jan. 2007. Web. 25 Feb. 2014. NWS Internet Services Team. Glossary - NOAAs National Weather Service.Glossary - NOAAs National Weather Service. National Weather Service, 25 June 2009. Web. 02 Mar. 2014.What Is a Blizzard? Weather Questions. Weather Questions, 30 Nov. 2010. Web. 03 Mar. 2014.Snow Storms Whats a Blizzard. Forces of Nature TQ 2000. Web. 3 Mar. 2014. .Laukaitis, Algis J. The Blizzard of 1888 -- the Force of a White Hurricane -- Hit 125 Years Ago. JournalStar.com. JournalStar, 11 Jan. 2013. Web. 0 4 Mar. 2014. Snowstorms Throughout History. Kent Heating AAAHeatingAC. AAA Heating AC. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.Blizzards. Blizzard. Oracle ThinkQuest. Web. 04 Mar. 2014.

How Do You Define Advice :: Defintion Essays

How Do You Define AdviceAdvice, in my mind, is a form of one psyche helping other person out whether it is in words or actions. About 90% of the time, I intend advice comes in the form of words. Advice can be verbally mouth to somebody, or typed/written and given to somebody. In either guinea pig, its advice thats being given to help somebody out. The other way I mentioned was advice given by actions. In my own life, Im trying to quit fume cigarettes and finding it hard especially when I intuitive feeling around and see others doing it. However, the advice I receive when I look around are from those not smoking and those hacking and spitting because they smoke. Its sort of subliminal for me in the sense that Ill be hacking and spitting if I dont quit. So theyre giving advice to me in the form of their actions.In mentioning what advice is and how its given, I ask myself how it works. This happens to be a rough question seeing how advice isnt this little piece of gum on the bott om of my slip that I can just pick off and toss away. So know I find help in the example of John fret and his mechanic friend to help explain how advice works. John was stuck in a pickle stimulate and wasnt sure what to do. But his friend knew where he was in the jar (because he had been there himself), and decided to offer some advice. John was able to get unstuck because he listened to his friend and took his advice, believing that his friend knew what he was oratory about, and sensing his sincerity. By looking at this example, I have come to the conclusion that advice works when one person takes a conscious (or in my smoking example - an unconscious) effort, to give somebody an honest, experienced point-of-view about a situation in order to give that person help. From there, the advice will only work if the person receiving the advice takes it to heart and uses it. OK, so if this is how it works, what are some ways that it doesnt work? Well, it doesnt work when the advice giv er is trying to use his advice given for his own personal gain. I believe the dark forces are at work here and therefore, they cannot succeed Another way advice given doesnt work is when the person receiving the advice doesnt take it, like in my example of getting advice from my Dad.

Business Plan for Import Export Company Essay -- Marketing Executive S

Business Plan for Import Export CompanyThis business plan details the launch of a start-up caller-up known as the Import Export Company (IEC). The company functions as a middleman in purchasing housewares from manufacturers in China and reselling the products to retail buyers in the US and Canada. The Import Export Company is primarily an independent import/export business. The products we import from China are resold to retail buyers in the US in addition, we export the products from China directly to retail buyers in Canada. Without maintaining inventory, the company ships the product directly from China to the US and Canada. Our product catalog focuses on housewares products that appeal to trend-minded US and Canadian consumers. Product pricing is geared toward budget-conscious consumers seeking a current look for their homes, without paying upscale prices. In 2003, China was the third largest country profession with the US, importing and exporting a combined $127 billion in goo ds (US Census Bureau, 2003). As of November 2003, China exported $25.1 billion in goods to the US, up 25.8% over 2002 (US Department of Commerce). The IEC has develop initial relationships with manufacturers and retailers. Our marketing plan targets a market of 160 retailers in the US that specialize in Home Furnishings and Housewares. The company has targeted fifty Canadian retailers that too meet our target market requirements. The owners are contributing $15,000 ($7,500 each) in start-up capital from personal savings, in addition to a loan of $30,000 from friends and family. The loan will be repaid at 6% interest when the company becomes stable in the second socio-economic class of operations. After initial start-up expenses, the company has a starting Cash symmetry of $29,880.The company is forecasting $350,500 in first year sales revenue, with a Cost of Goods projected to be 60%. Cost of Goods directly reflects our targeted 40% get margin. We anticipate doubling our sales revenue for the first three years of operations as we develop our manufacturing and retail buyer relationships. Sales revenue increases in our second year to $701,000 and $1,402,000 in our third year.The company projects a Net Profit of $40,665 in our first year of operations, increasing to $139,944 in the second year and $317,688 in the third year. Our Cash Flow objective in the first year is ... ...c tax rate. For the purpose of estimating, we have set our tax rate at 20%. We do not forecast collecting sales tax, as our purchases are for resale and not subject to sales or use taxes.We will mould closely with our bank, which was selected because of its import and export programs. Initially, we will pursue secured financing options, with the bank advancing funds by using the goods we import as collateral. If we default on our secure financing obligations, the bank takes title of our shipped goods. As we are a start-up company, we will not qualify for unsecured financing until we h ave established a positive credit record with our bank. We may pursue a revolving line of credit through the Small Business Administrations Special Purpose loan programs for exporters, which would free us to receive pre-export financing through the U.S. Export Import Bank. We may also pursue factoring options. As a start-up, we are primarily focussed on maintaining a positive cash flow position. For this reason, a factor that buys receivables with a cash advance in exchange for a 5% earnings may be a viable option. We feel that our target profit margin of 40% provides leeway to work with factors.

Business Plan for Import Export Company Essay -- Marketing Executive S

Business Plan for Import Export CompanyThis business plan details the launch of a start-up caller-out know as the Import Export Company (IEC). The company functions as a middleman in purchasing housewares from manufacturers in China and reselling the products to retail buyers in the US and Canada. The Import Export Company is primarily an independent import/exportation business. The products we import from China are resold to retail buyers in the US in addition, we export the products from China directly to retail buyers in Canada. Without maintaining inventory, the company ships the product directly from China to the US and Canada. Our product catalog focuses on housewares products that appeal to trend-minded US and Canadian consumers. Product pricing is geared toward budget-conscious consumers seeking a current look for their homes, without paying upscale prices. In 2003, China was the third largest country trading with the US, importing and exporting a combined $127 billion in g oods (US Census Bureau, 2003). As of November 2003, China exported $25.1 billion in goods to the US, up 25.8% over 2002 (US Department of Commerce). The IEC has developed sign relationships with manufacturers and retailers. Our marketing plan targets a market of 160 retailers in the US that specialize in Home Furnishings and Housewares. The company has targeted fifty Canadian retailers that also join our target market requirements. The owners are contributing $15,000 ($7,500 each) in start-up capital from personal savings, in addition to a loan of $30,000 from friends and family. The loan will be repaid at 6% interest when the company becomes stable in the secondly year of operations. After initial start-up expenses, the company has a starting Cash Balance of $29,880.The company is forecasting $350,500 in first year sales revenue, with a Cost of Goods projected to be 60%. Cost of Goods directly reflects our targeted 40% profit margin. We bode doubling our sales revenue for the f irst three years of operations as we develop our manufacturing and retail buyer relationships. Sales revenue increases in our second year to $701,000 and $1,402,000 in our third year.The company projects a Net Profit of $40,665 in our first year of operations, increasing to $139,944 in the second year and $317,688 in the third year. Our Cash Flow objective in the first year is ... ...c tax rate. For the purpose of estimating, we have set our tax rate at 20%. We do not forecast collecting sales tax, as our purchases are for resale and not subject to sales or use taxes.We will work nearly with our bank, which was selected because of its import and export programs. Initially, we will pursue inviolabled financing options, with the bank advancing funds by using the goods we import as collateral. If we default on our secure financing obligations, the bank takes title of our shipped goods. As we are a start-up company, we will not qualify for unsecured financing until we have establishe d a confirmatory credit record with our bank. We may pursue a revolving line of credit through the Small Business Administrations Special Purpose loan programs for exporters, which would allow us to receive pre-export financing through the U.S. Export Import Bank. We may also pursue factoring options. As a start-up, we are primarily focused on maintaining a positive cash flow position. For this reason, a factor that buys receivables with a cash advance in exchange for a 5% fee may be a viable option. We feel that our target profit margin of 40% provides leeway to work with factors.

Personal development planning Essay

I am 24 years old and married to my husband Paul we equal in Maybole in a two bedroom cottage. I left school at 16 with standard figure train English, maths, history, French and music. My introductory job was in a care for home it was then I realised how much I enjoyed plowing in care and caring for people. I worked in the nursing home for 2 years then left to be an activitys co-ordinator in a day care concenter in Prestwick where I would plan daily activitys and outings for clients who came for respite day-care the centre sadly closed down after 3 years. I frame a break open time job in a local pub still I didnt enjoy it as much as caring I worked in the pub for 2 years until I found a job working for a homecare company I enjoyed but found the hours unsociable it was then I resolved to apply for college. I applied for N.C societal care and was placed on the reserved list overdue to the build being full then a week after the course started I got a phone call to start. I attended college from family to june working threw my course studying and passed all my exams. I also attended a work placement at Hansel village respite cabin which I enjoys working with the clients as id never worked with adults with learning difficulties. I was offered a permanent job with Hansel after I left but sadly couldnt contract the job offer up as I had applied to do HNC and Hansel could only offer me 30 hours per week. Whilst doing my NC I enjoyed the subject mental health and decided then that I would like to become a mental health nurse. My hopes are that I graduate with my HNC and can apply to university and get a degree. maltreat 2 Broad objective where am I going next?Whilst completing this unit in Personal Development Planning, I have opted to strain on the following area of development my ability to write reports and essays having done an N.C in amicable care last year I had to do a few reports and essays and realised that I dont structure them properly this is something I need to practice and develop my skills and abilities in doingthis. I would like to make headway and graduate from college with my HNC in social care and apply to university of the west of Scotland and do a degree in mental health nursing and work in a psychiatric hospital.Further development of core/key skillsStep 3 Self appraisalPersonal skills, qualities and contextsCore skillEvaluation demo to support evaluationCommunicationGoodWhen doing an NC in social care one of the tasks I had to do was a presentation in front of the year I became really nervous and didnt make a lot of eye contact. This is something I would like to work at and concentrate on in the future when delivering presentations. NumeracyPoorNumeracy was apart of my NC course last year and I failed two attempts at an exam working out percentages and doing box plots but I find with extra studying and breaking it down I can complete some numeracy tasks. ITAverageI received a standard grade for admin at s chool this gave me some knowledge on IT skills. On my college course last year I done IT at a higher level where I was shown how to use different search engines and how to type up reports essays and save my work. Problem solvingPoorWhen faced with situations I tend to panic rather than look for solutions toresolve problems. I feel this is something I can develop in. Working with othersGoodThrew my recent jobs as a carer, bar maid, activitys coordinator I have had to work as part of a team to deliver my work and do the best in my job. I also work with others at college to do research on my subjects this is something I enjoy doing.Personal qualitiesI am a hard working reliable individual. With an NC in social care this has given me a wide knowledge of sociology, psychology and helped me realise my own in-person values and principles. I have positive my caring applicatory skills threw working in in many different care aspects and work placements. I am an honest and trustworthy pers on who enjoys working as part of team and also on my own initiative.Knowledge and catchI have a wide knowledge of care and an understanding of my own personal values and principles that I try and introduce when caring for individuals with different needs. I also have a basic knowledge of sociology and try to have an understanding in which way society works. And my basic knowledge of psychology helps me understand peoples behaviours.Technical skillsI feel my technical skills can be worked on and developed threw out this course. Threw work and work placements I have a basic knowledge on moving and handling. I also have basic reason skills.Contexts, other factors to considerStep 4 Setting personal objectivesPersonal objectives prior to interview with tutorShort-term (this year)I hope to pass my course and gain my HNC in social care. I also hope to gain knowledge and develop new skills threw out the year in all aspects of social care and on college work placement.Medium-term (next ye ar)I hope to be able to apply to university and have enough qualifications and skills and to be able to stay focused on my work and my short and long term goals to be achievable.Long-termI hope to have gained a degree in mental health nursing and be in a job I enjoy doing that helps me stay motivated.

Computer Data Storage Essay

Computers take a crap brought about a revolution across all industries. They have changed the face of society. They be no longer specialized tools to be ingestiond by specially trained people. They are ubiquitous and used in almost every orbital cavity of life. Computers have changed the office we work, be it any profession. at that placefore, it is only natural that the role of computers in bringing up has been given a lot of immenseness in young years. Computers play a vital role in every field. They aid industrial processes, they find application in medicine they are the reason why bonkersware industries developed and flourished and they play an important role in education. This is also why the education system has do computer education a circumstances of school curriculum. Lets look at what role computer technology plays in the education sector.The advantages of computers in education primarily include* computer storage of information* Quick data processing* Audio-v isual aids in teach* Better presentation of information* Access to the Internet* Quick communication among students, teachers and parents * There are tools like spelling and grammar checker, thesaurus and dictionary, installed in the computer. Thus, it takes less time to proofread a written document * Also, there is no involve to open up a dictionary book to look for meanings of words. * Typing is much faster than writing on a paper.* If there is a submit for reorganizing the sentences or paragraphs, one can cut and paste and make the necessary changes. * In schools, computer education has been made compulsory to spread awareness about computers. As a matter of fact, computers have become a learning tool for children. Computers are a brilliant aid in teaching.Online education has revolutionized the education manufacture. Computer technology has made the dream of distance learning, a reality. Education is no longer limited to classrooms. It has reached far and wide, thanks to co mputers. Physically distant locations have come closer due to Internet accessibility. So, even if students and teachers are not in the same premises, they can very well communicate with one another. There are many online educational courses, whereby students are not required to attend classes or be physically present for lectures. They can learn from the comfort of their homes and coiffe timings as per their convenience. Computers have given impetus to distance education.Computers facilitate effective presentation of information. Presentation software like PowerPoint and animation software like scare off among others can be of great help to teachers while delivering lectures. Computers facilitate audio-visual representation of information, thus making the process of learning interactive and interesting. Computer-aided teaching adds a shimmer element to education. Teachers hardly use chalk and board today. They bring presentations on a flash drive, plug it in to a computer in the classroom, and the teaching begins. Theres color, theres sound, theres movement the same old information comes forth in a different way and learning becomes fun. The otherwise not-so-interesting lessons become interesting due to audio-visual effects. Due to the visual aid, difficult subjects can be explained in better ways. Things become easier to follow, thanks to the use of computers in education.Computers enable access to the Internet which has information on literally everything.Computers enable storage of data in the electronic format, thereby saving paper. retention capacities of computer storage devices are in gigabytes. This enables them to store huge chunks of data. Moreover, these deveices are compact. They occupy very less space, yet store large amounts of data. Both teachers and students take in from the use of computer technology. Presentations, notes and test papers can be stored and transferred easily over computer storage devices. Similarly, students can submit ho mework and assignments as soft copies. The process becomes paperless, thus saving paper. Plus, the electronic format makes data storage more durable. Electronically erasable memory devices can be used repeatedly. They expand robust storage of data and reliable data retrieval.Computer hard drives and storage devices are an excellent way to store data.This was about the role of computers in education. But we know, its not just the education sector which computers have impacted. They are of great use in every field. Today, a life without computers is unimaginable. This undelines the importance of computer education. Knowledge of computers can propel ones career in the right direction. Computers are a part of almost every industry today. They are no longer limited any specific field. They are used in networking, for information access and data storage and also in the processing and presentation of information.Computers should be introduced early in education. I dont think I am making a n overstatement in manifestation that computer education is as fundamental as learning English. Yes, it is. Conclusion Computers have come a long way since the first unit was invented. With the advancements of ironware as well as software, we can now accomplish many, tasks such as typing papers, watching TV, editing videos, learning online and gaming. The world of computing has made our lives a lot more convenient. Without the invention and deployment of computers, there would be no social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter.

Effects On Support Networks Health And Social Care Essay

Discoursing about internal wellness in of age(p) people is a catchy subject in both professional wellness attention and patient because most aged people might experience abashed. Besides they would prefer physicians to present about cozy issues to them instead than they discuss it by them self. In this essay will place definition and history of grammatical gender in aging people. Recent statistic, physical changed and affects everywhereageer undivided s life styles mental and other are explained. Some support services are recommended. Sex in senior groups are cerebrate because most immature people still misunderstand about come alive and gender in old people lives.Definition and HistoryDefinition of gender is an capacity of people to wield feeling and give love to each other to develop and hold a positive mentality about intimate activity. In add-on, responsible close about physical, ruttish and social facets should be made ( Henry and McNab 2003 ) .HistoryIn an earl ier common stereotype and myths which, people assumed that when a natural physical and emotional of older people brook changed they lost inner desires and they do non hold ability to do love and have sex any longer. Besides it was hard to discourse openly among physician and patient ( Henry and McNab 2003 ) . However, sex and gender among senior groups have become more widely discussed than the past, scripted by Gott ( 2004 ) .Recent StatisticssA 2007 need of sex older among grownups report in Lindau, et Al. ( 2007 ) involved over 3,000 scarper forces and big(p) females. Its figures show that 73 % of older grownups aged 57 to 64 were sexu onlyy active. 53 % of those aged 65 to 74 were so, whilst merely 26 % of those between the ages of 75 to 85 were sexually active. The study overly showed that it was non merely healthy bat forces ( 81 % ) and healthy adult females ( 51 % ) who were being sexually active in the old 12 months but 47 % of bring in forces and 26 % of adult fe males in hapless wellness were besides sexually active. Furthermore, older people in the 50 70 age group seem to hold more sex spouses and likely to travel back to dating than the last decennary. In add-on, Australian survey was reported from the mid-1990s of age 80, 8 % of adult females and 29 % of behave forces were still holding sex. ( Minichiello and Hawkes 2011 ) .Furthermore, Lindau, et Al. ( 2007 ) besides erect some aging people suffered from sexual jobs, the most common being erectile troubles in work forces ( 37 % ) and low desire ( 43 % ) , vaginal waterlessness ( 39 % ) and inability to culminate ( 34 % ) among the adult females surveyed. In add-on, less than 50 % both work forces and adult females had discussed sex with a doctor since they had become 50 old ages old. One surprising statistic found by the very(prenominal) writers was that sexually transmitted infections have been increasing among those of older age. Somes and Donatelli ( 2012 ) study that human immun odeficiency virus ( HIV ) infections are increasing faster in the group aged over 50 old ages than group ages under 40 old ages during the period 2000 to 2009. Syphilis, herpes, chlamydia and venereal warts have besides seen the largest rates of addition among those aged 45 to 64 old ages during the same period.PhysiologyHarmonizing to My physician for a healthy Australia ( 2010 ) natural physical difference in organic organize form and size among older work forces and adult females standister sometimes impact their ability to hold and bask sex. A study by Laumann et Al. ( 2005 ) of the sexual jobs among over 26,000 work forces and adult females aged 40-80 from 29 states found a scope of sexual jobs. One such alteration for both sexes is that is reasonably normal is that sexual rousing might happen less ofttimes and more easy. Work force may endure from erectile disfunction ( ED ) , which is the hard-ons tend to be less house, less seeds is ejaculated and necessitate more break off for subsequent hard-ons ( Henry and McNab 2003 ) . However Viagra and several medicines are available for work forces to execute or keep a sufficient hard-on for sexual activity. On the other manus, reduced degrees of estrogen among older adult females after climacteric may do some of them to see vaginal waterlessness ( mayonnaise Clinic 2011 ) . Besides, decrepit vagina contractions and lower organic structure engagement during climax might happen. Equally good as cause other emotional alterations associated with reduced sensitiveness, and solution sexual libido ( Henry and McNab 2003 ) . Furthermore, a scope of chronic unwellnesss such as relate to the cardiovascular system, high blood force per unit area, diabetes, hormonal jobs, depression or anxiousness, and the side effects of some medicines and surgeries may besides do sexual trouble among older grownups..Effectss on the AgedSex effects in aged people, reported by Henry and McNab ( 2003 ) . Performance anxiousness and depression symptoms are common in both work forces and adult females in progress age. This is related to societal isolation and lead to loss of libido, which may do sexual disfunction or reduces sexual desire. Aged people feel guilty to hold sexual activity outside of matrimony. In add-on, widows or widowmans may experience blameworthy to get down a new relationship because they feel perfidiously. Although older work forces still have pleasant visual aspect crucial to their felicity, the feeling of wellbeing in adult females is reduced. As the consequence sexual activity in adult females has decreased earlier than work forces. Beside some older grownup experienced that the environment which they live might tie in with their sexual-life as good. For illustration, an back up life, long-run attention installation or nursing place, this is consequence to their privateness. Besides the unequal figure of sexes in aging people could increase the trouble for work forces and adult females t o attach to and develop their relationship particularly with the opposite sex in those topographic points.Effectss on the Support NetworksChanges in the gender of an older individual will besides hold impacts on others, particularly their spouse and carer. When people become older they barely to speak with each other about sex, steady though they still enjoy or used to bask the sex ( Keutz 1995 ) . Some of aging people loss assurance because of their physical and organic structure form has changed. Besides the relationship go more strain related to endocrine degrees or emotional changed, it might greatly happen after climacteric which is related to desire of gender. Furthermore, some older twosomes might hold statement more regularly which could non merely cut down familiarity between their relationships but besides decrease their sexual desires. In add-on, professional wellness attention might see a trouble covering with temper displace of their aged patients. It can sometimes be difficult to understand why the older client is non get bying good with ripening, because alterations in gender are frequently non discussed at all ( Funnel, Koutoukidis & A Lawrence, 2009 ) .Support servicesSupport services associating to gender for older grownups are available both as books and online. For illustration, the book Sex Over 50 by Block and Bakos ( 1999 ) was written for the turning group of aging Americans who are looking for professional, practical advice on how to do the passage to deeper, richer, more sophisticated sexual relationships. Similarly, the book Sexuality, Sexual wellness and ageing ( Gott 2005 ) explains the issues and experiences that may happen in the sexual activities of older grownups. In footings of on-line resources, the American Psychological Association ( APA ) is the largest scientific and professional organisation psychological science supports in the United States. Their mission is to progress the creative activity, communicating and appli cation of psychological cognition to profit society and better people s lives ( American Psychological Association 2013 ) . Relevant web pages from their on-line resources include Clay s ( 2012 ) Later-Life Sexual activity which outlines how to Assessing older people s sex lives, Get the better ofing challenges and Coping after malignant neoplastic disease. In add-on, over 9,000 organisations together form the International Council on Active Aging ( ICAA ) , organizing professionals works for the benefit of older grownups in footings of their the retirement, assisted life, fittingness, rehabilitation and health ( ICAA 2012 ) .More locally, the Western Australian Center for Health and Ageing ( WACHA ) is an administration that helps back up and improves the lives of aged people, prevent the beginning of disenabling unwellnesss and happen better ways to handle the common diseases for them ( Western Australian Center for Health and Ageing 2012 ) . Relevant web pages from their on-li ne resources that relate to sexuality include its Healthy Sex Life Not Merely for the Young ( Western Australian Center for Health and Ageing 2012 ) . This is utile because this intelligence was explained about sexual activity in older people which is of import for immature people to understand about it.DecisionIn decision, this easy has shown that, gender is a capacity of experiencing love nevertheless in progress aged it hard to discourse between physicians and patients. Many people believed that when people become older their sexual desires are decreased and unable to do love any more. On the other manus, older grownups in both healthy and unhealthy over 50 old ages old were still sexually active. Nevertheless, physical changed such as organic structure form and size may impact their ability to hold sex. Some older work forces might endure from erectile disfunction besides adult females may see vagina waterlessness which related to sexual libido decreasing. Furthermore, some ch ronic unwellness may cut down ability to bask sex. Not merely physical changed but besides mood swing or depression symptom could impact aged people to hold a trouble sex-life. In add-on, sometimes it hard for wellness attention profession to understand older people as good. Many support beginnings and services are available for older people.

Psychology/Theology Essay

What is theory of someonehood?The judgment of personhood is very important in our daily life in price of the perception of the surrounding environment and human beings in general. Personhood provides assistance in understanding and establishing priorities and attitudes towards such critical issues as punishment, medicine, crime, moral values, private property, etc. Undoubtedly, muckle only are capable of hesitating and doubting. The idea of personhood it egotism remains rather intangible as it is being influenced by a signifi canfult number of unlike factors such as political, social, cultural, and educational conditions of life. Therefore, the theory of personhood has been impacted by different scholarly points of view, both psychological and theological.Psychologists argue that the theory of personhood greatly depends on what is called intentionality, which excessively includes the phenomenon of intention. Intentionality is to a greater extent precise and less abstract than human attitudes, desires, wishes, and beliefs. They are not based on emotions or impulsive/enthusiastic mental occupation. They are to great extend associated with strong motivation or ultimate goal. However, in the majority of display cases people are not aware of why they want particular thing/object/person, which makes the issues of personhood extremely unclear. (Brown 2006).If to take a closer look at the theory of personhood from the point of view of theology and spirituality, this concept is closely connected with upbringing and early education the menses of human consciousness formation and establishment of basic surrounding physical and mental laws. The theory of personhood in this case includes three key featuresPersonal self (consciousness) linked to objectivity (surrounding environment), that includes palpable objectivities and imaginative models. The line between these two aspects varies depending on personal priorities.Personal self as monitoring hierarchy. Consid ering that you have awakened from a night dream or that the vision you see is an abstract illusion developed from your mental activity and imagination.Personal self as a stable mental condition in the form of ones biographic character. (Brown 2006).If we talk about the biography of ideas, we observe the systems of beliefs regarding objective reality that have considerably changed during the course of the years. Ordinary people do not pay descent attention to it as, for instance, Aristotles period beliefs and the fifteenth-century Scandinavian countries have been thoroughly studied exceptionally by the scientists which whitethorn follow the changes of the history.The theory of the personhood goes deeper than the modifications of the traditional moral values and social set of priorities. It leaves slowly the usage of already established knowledge as construction blocks. It continues to explore the surrounding environment by means of unravelling the obvious.In terms of spirituality, the concept of personhood implies object-subject difference during an open-ended deterioration. It suggests a holistic epistemology which is characterized by spherical reasonability between belief-systems and moral values, self-respect, etc. (Brown 2006).What is spiritual counseling?Spiritual Counselling is closely associated with our choices in life how to live in present and abstract karma (deep-rooted laws that avoid serving us) how to find our place within the divine goal how to establish relationships with others that would be deeper, to a greater extent sincere, less time-consuming and more affectionate and in relation to these and other life issues, what spiritual practices to accept.A secure, tolerant and cheering room is provided in which to abrasion living and get rid of the fake causes which result in suffering the main reason why people strive so much for the spiritual counselling is that their souls are meant to be linked to positive phenomena such as love, affections , care, kindness, wisdom, harmony, etc.Entering the true consciousness within, abandoning uncertainty and concerns, our own natural word can conduct us all the way through all the problems and glitches that exist in modern world for instance, the challenges ensured by our professional activity, personal relationships and health condition. The spiritual supervisor serves as a medium between the soul which initially contained original purity, immortality, independence, and harmony.Obviously, the given concept goes far beyond established counselling approaches, drawing upon silence, prayer, self- observation, meditation, healing, and other practices, whose purpose is to discharge the internal possessions that all human beings have.Taking a closer look at spiritual counselling it may be stated that the core issue of it is an individual who believes that there is something that is higher, some supreme tear, which helps him/her in all of his/her efforts, regardless of age, race, gende r, or the name of this supreme force God, Buddha, Allah, etc.At first it may seem to be a minor identification, however, by the recognition of an existence of the supreme power, regardless of the way the person feels it suitable to understand or recognize this, the self, which is the major source of human problems, is suppressed to some degree. Only in this situation we can start perceiving more intelligent, more helpful sides of our inner worlds. One more rather significant feature of spiritual counselling is the way this supreme power is encouraged to be found for internal help during times of great struggle.Spiritual counselling helps us to understand who we are and enhance our experience in general reading material of the surrounding environment. This logic of reason differs from individual to individual. In fact it includes our attempts and efforts to advance who and what we are, existing not only for ourselves, but for the advantage of the world around us. (Brown 2006).Having started club in something innovative, it wouldnt be a bad idea to know how the supervisor works. To begin with, the core philosophical issue in this case is that to each one individual possesses the answers they need inside. The reason of many human problems is that people are not capable of retrieving these answers from their inner worlds due to their intelligence laziness, limitedness, etc.Perhaps nigh essential is the manner that people have to be taught what to do, not just be passively told what is happening each time and given a intercommunicate resolution. One of my favourite sayings is If you think you can you can. If you think you cant you are right.By means of spiritual counselling various hard situations in life, whether present or past, can be successfully coped with. Thoughts we are not satisfied with can be transformed. Emotional lines, regardless of how deep-seated they may seem, can be eliminated. Mental obsession can be also destroyed.In conclusion, this give s us a chance to go to more positive and pleasing settings in our lifestyles and provides us with a strong start to coming into a better realization of who we truly are. Basically, all we need is to really want to change. This desire is distinct, closely significant key to real changes within human beings.ReferencesBrown, G. (2006). Spirituality and Psychology the Aspect of Religion. New York Pocket Books.

How serious is Global Warming?

This report get come to the fore cover globular change and its make on people. Also this report provide look at different ways that Global Warming affects human beingss as well as animals. This research report will cover climate change, nurserys gases and evidence to support Global Warming.EvidenceThere is a lot of evidence to support the Global Warming save the significance of the rise depends on the reliability of the rise. single of the most reliable methods of collecting data to show Global Warming is ice-core dating. Ice cores ar samples dag up from accumulation of snow and ice over a period of time that recrystallized and trapped air bubbles1.Measu send for temperature of the Earths control surface with thermometer can lonesome(prenominal) provide data for past two or three centuries. Another sources of information about the past, is studying peat bogs or dendrochronology. Plants produce pollen in vast amounts, and all(prenominal) species of plants has a distincti ve type of pollen. When looking at peat bogs. Differences between species and between the ecological conditions needed to flourish best, their pollen allows scientists to determine temperature and humidity levels of past days.Tree ring analysis is also spendd by scientists when looking at Climate change. Each year, manoeuver produces new layer of xylem vessels. The diameter of xylem depends on the season2. The width of the tree ring can tell the scientists about the findth of the tree. This evidence is reliable as tree is dependent on the environment, the temperature and the humidity.All methods produce reliable data, however validity of the evidence can be questioned. The validity depends on whoever automobileries out the research. If the research is machineried out by a private company (e.g. (BP) British Petroleum) will show only some of the data the most reliable to the question or to prove a certain point. The most reliable researches are carried out by independent compani es or universities.What is Global Warming?The solar radiation in form of come down waves passes through the atmosphere. Most of it is absorbed by the universe and warms it. Some of the waves are reradiated back into space in form of infrared waves. However, some of the Infrared radiation is trapped by the Earths atmosphere and it warms it. As the newspaper of atmosphere changes and it thickens, more infrared radiation is trapped causing the raise in global temperatures.In natural rung the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air should equal the composition of carbon dioxide in the soil. However human activity changed that by releasing extra CO2 from the fossil fuels into atmosphere. The natural cycle is out of equilibrium and can not get rid of the excess of the gas.Ca consumptions of global warmingOne of the main causes for the Global Warming is human activity. The human needs and populations becoming lazy caused everything to be computerized and the energy use is great. To supply great deals of energy more fossil fuels are burned and more greenhouse gases are given off to the atmosphere. Also the lack of commitment of human race to healthy life styles caused the car manufacturers to increase the car production in recent years. Everyone wants to own at least one car, but they dont think about consequences of that. Many more cars cause a lot of emission of CO2 into the atmosphere.Greenhouse GasFormulaContribution (%)Water VapourH2O36-70Carbon DioxideCO29-26MethaneCH44-9OzoneO33-7The raising temperature causes more water to vaporise, which leads to more UV light being trapped by the atmosphere, therefore the increase in the average temperature.As the graph above shows over a period of hundred years there is a positive skew, which indicated the increases in temperature. The increase is around 1oC, which could suggest a fast increases in surface temperatures.Environmental implicationsThe increases in the concentration of greenhouses gases in the atmospher e, the possibility of acidic rains increases. Acid rains are caused by emissions of compounds of ammonia, carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.5 The below diagram shows the damage to the European Forests caused by Acid rain and Air pollution.The data shows on the above diagram was collected in 1988, which means that by now there would be more damage made to the European forests over the past 20 years as the concentration of gases increases in the atmosphere.Economic ImplicationsAs the climate changes and the surface temperature increases, the food companies may find it tricky to grow crops in certain parts of the world where they did before. This means that rice for example may not grow in Asia and this may lead to big scale starvation. This could also be seen as a social implication to the Global warming.On the other hand, car industries may have planned rises in sales. There are two reasons for that. One of them is t he fact that everyone now want to own a car, however that will only increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in air. Car industries are coming with new ways of overcoming the CO2 emission and are producing hydrogen provide cars. Many hybrids have been designed by many different car manufactures, however they are not widely available for public use as they are more expensive than the petrol powered cars.Prevention of Global WarmingTo help prevent Global Warming, the emission of Carbon Dioxide has to be take down and emission of other greenhouse gases. One of the ways in which gas emission can be lowered is use of renewable energy sources.One of the powers that we could use is solar power or wind power, however in England there is a problem with solar powering as there is not a lot of sun and it is not reliable. Many hot countries in the developing world, for example countries of South America could use sun light as their source of energy. However when using sun light energy, ba ck up batteries or generators are essential as sunlight is not a reliable source of energy. In the UK not many houses are solar powered as the installation of PV cells is very expensive.It is important that the developing countries lower their gases emission and start to use renewable sources of energy as the consumption is going up along with the CO2 emission. The industrialized countries are around 24% of world population and use about 75% of energy. Along with that they account for 73% of CO2emission in the combustion of fossil fuels. Meanwhile, it is projected that energy consumption will increase primarily in the developing world related to the population growth and the ongoing industrialization in the future.Another way of lowering carbon emission was introduced by the car industries which introduced hydrogen powered cars. In hydrogen combustion water is given out when hydrogen is used as a fuel. It can be seen that Global Warming is a serious issue even to the government, as the mayor of London decided to have 8 hydrogen powered buses by 2012. It well like it is not a lot but still developing hydrogen powered engines are very expensive.

Introduction to Business Law

bloody shames Discount Public Relations Company has recently hired you as a PR consultant. bloody shame knows you moderate studied business law and asks your advice on the followingMary operates an information service known as Marys PR Notes which she emails to clients who subscribe to her service. Marys PR Notes provides subscribers with abstracts of articles on public relations. The articles come from a variety of newspapers and magazines. The abstract takes the headline of the article (unaltered) and a improvident summary of the articles content written by one of Marys employees.Recently the editor of Puffery 4U contacted Mary complaining that Marys service is using his material. The editor was particularly concerned about how Mary uses the headlines from his articles.Advise Mary* Describe and discuss the nature of the issue and the legal implications* appoint the applicable atomic number 18a of the law referring to exercises and statutes* Apply legal principles to the pr oblem or issue using the relevant law to argue the theme* Include a literature review of the problem including relevant legal citationsThroughout this essay the topic of Marys Discount Public Relations Company and Marys PR Notes will be discussed and analyzed as to why Marys political party whitethorn have breached some levels of copyright. Mary call for to be advised on what she may be doing wrong and how she weed overcome these issues in her authorized situation regarding Puffery 4U and their complaints of how Mary is using their material and as well other complications she may face in the future.Marys public relations company offers an information service titled Marys PR Notes which she emails to clients who subscribe to her service. The emails provide subscribers with abstracts if articles on public relations which come from a variety of newspapers and magazines. The abstracts include the headline of the article, which is unaltered in any way, and a curt summary of the articles content, which is then written by one of Marys employees.Recently the editor of Puffery 4U contacted Mary and is complaining that Marys service is using his material and breaching copyright. The editor is particularly concerned about how Mary uses the headlines from his articles. copyright is a type of property that is founded on a persons notional skill and labour. It is designed to prevent the unauthorised use by others of a work, that is, the original form in which an idea or information has been expressed by the creator.Copyright is not a tangible thing. It is made up of a bundle of exclusive economic rights to do certain acts with an original work or other copyright area-matter. These rights include the right to copy, publish, communicate and publicly perform the copyright material.Marys situation with Puffery 4U may come under the subject of copyright infringement (Copyright Act 1968 Sect 36) where someone reproduces in material form the whole or part of a work with out the consent of the owner. Examples include when a work is published, reproduced or performed in public without the copyright owners permission. This general rule is subject to a number of specific exceptions in the Copyright Act. Although Mary or Marys employees havent changed the title of Puffery 4Us articles or other articles referred to, they have however made their own summary of the articles which may twist the viewers perception on what the subject of the articles may be about. Even though the summaries may still be completely relevant to the articles and no bad intentions are being made, Marys company is still reproducing the articles or parts of them without the consent of the owners of the original material.It is possible however that in Marys case her business may be able to be let off with fair dealings. This is where the material is an article in a periodical then reproducing the whole or part of the article may be fair dealing for research, study, criticism or revi ew by an individual. The Copyright Act provides that copying a reasonable portion of a work for the purposes of research or study, criticism or review, news reporting or caper and satire will be a fair dealing. As only a small part of the articles are being reproduced, Marys case may be an exception to the copyright law and no legal action will be taken except this is still not a guaranteed outcome so other measures should to taken into account.If Mary wishes to avoid legal action being taken out on her company then she gutter take several different measures. First she must seek permission from the owner of whom she wishes to take abstracts and articles from before using and altering them to make sure they wont have an issue with Mary using documents. Secondly, if she clearly states in her emails she sends out where the original text is from and that the summary written in fact by Marys company and not the original publisher then the owner of that text will possibly have less of an issue with the company breaching copyright infringement. Thirdly, if Mary made connections with the sources she pulls the articles from she could send her summaries to them for them to approve first and then once she has the approval she can be free to send out her emails with their articles in them.If a copyright has been infringed, the owner may sue the infringer in federal court, seeking an injunction against future violations of the copyrights. The owner may recover actual damages, which are losses plus the infringers profits from use of the copyrighted work. Or, any time before a court issues a final judgment, the owner can elect to receive a set count in damages as defined in the copyright statute, in lieu of actual damages. The amount of statutory damages can range from $200 to $150,000, based on a courts determination of several factors, including whether the infringement was intentional.On 1 January 2007, a range of copyright enforcement measures started as a result of the Copyright Amendment Act 2006. These include the creation of a tiered system of copyright nefarious offences incorporating indictable, summary and strict liability offences.The strict liability offences do not contain fault elements and attract maximum penalties of 60 penalty units ($6,600). These offences are back up by a copyright infringement notice evasion provided for under the Copyright Regulations 1969. An infringement notice penalty is 12 penalty units ($1,320). The introduction to this scheme was created and designed to deal specifically with lower-level copyright crime such as first time offenders, street stall or market operators.Under this scheme, an offender issued with an infringement notice by a law enforcement officer will have the option of paying a fine or risking the possibility of criminal prosecution in court. In addition to paying a fine, some offences will also require the offender to forfeit copyright material and/or tie in devices in order to avoid pr osecution.In 2001, the TCN Channel Nine Pty Ltd v net income Ten Ltd (Panel Case) was a case with claims that commercial broadcaster Network Ten infringed copyright in Channel Nine broadcasts when re-broadcasting extracts of Nines program The Panel over the period from 10 August 1999 to 28 June 2000. The Panel is a talk level comprised of a regular panel and guest panelists who discuss recent events and current issues, using television footage from a variety of sources as a basis for ironic comment and critical discussion. The claim of copyright infringement related to 20 excerpts of Nine footage, ranging in length from eight seconds to 42 seconds. The excerpts were from a variety of programs including The now Show, Who Wants to be a Millionaire, Days of Our Lives and Sale of the New Century.Nine claimed that Tens re-broadcasting of excerpts of its programs constituted an infringement of its copyright in the television broadcast as provided for in s 87(c) of the Copyright Act 19 68 (Cth) (the Act). Nine also claimed that Ten had breached s 87(a) of the Act by making a cinematograph film of the programs or a copy of such films, but this latter claim has not yet been determined. This judgment relates only to Nines claim in relation to s 87(c) of the Act.On 11 April 2003 the High Court granted Network Ten leave to appeal against the decision of the Full Court of the Federal Court and in September 2003 heard arguments on the operation of ss 14, 25(4) and s 87 of the Copyright Act 1968 regarding the claimed infringement. The ruling from the Federal Court was announced as fair dealing in broadcast television.This case is similar to Marys situation as Network 10 was only re-broadcasting small extracts of The Panel and did not have the intention of bad mouthing Channel Nine or putting them in a negative spotlight. It is possible to argue and win Marys case depending on the extent to whether how relevant her summaries are to the original text of the articles she is using in her emails and if she is trying to persuade people to not read them. The case may end up being ruled as fair dealing if the following situation were to occur.It would be wise for Mary to act on this current situation as soon as possible as Puffery 4U may not be the only people concerned with the way Mary is using their articles. She may see herself facing multiple lawsuits, which could create a bad reputation for not only her company but for herself as well. Although Mary and her employees may think they arent doing any harm and are actually advertising other peoples work to a wider audience, authors of the articles may perceive this situation different and sightly want to claim work as their own.If Puffery 4U were to take legal action upon Mary this would cause implications for her not only in the short term but long term as well. She may face multiple fines from the magazine and newspaper companies she has been collecting articles from which would affect her financially and it would also give Mary a bad name and affect her future business dealings.Bibliographyhttp//www.rcfp.org/handbook/index.php?pg=10-1http//www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca1968133/

The Business of Facebook

The trading model of any organization is very important in helping a telephone circuit capture successful or unsuccessful. They help guide the leaders in the company to reach the goals and purpose of their organization. In recent refresheds, the business model of prickle has been on a lower floor a large amount of scrutiny.I will be analyzing the business model of rachis using the definition of business model from the textbook which states A business model defines how an organization interacts with its environment to define a unique dodge, attract the resources and build the abilities required to execute the strategy, and create value for all stakeholders (Applegate, Austin & Souls, 2009). scheme There argon four key dimensions to strategy market positioning, product positioning, business networking positioning, and boundary positioning.These four dimensions combined help an organization develop a strategy which by definition of the textbook is the series of choices that dete rmine the opportunities you pursue and the market potential of those opportunities (Applegate, Austin & Souls, 2009). In order to analyze the business strategy of an organization you must first determine what kind f business it is (Applegate, Austin & Souls, 2009). In E. B.Bodys (2012) article What is Passbooks Business she states Backbone creates a place for people to course out and upload photos or pithy notes on what they are doing right that second, and then it posts advertising along the side of that status update highway. Backbone operate 845 million members all over the man, excluding China where Backbone has been blocked by the Chinese government. In December of 2011 Backbone averaged a total of 483 million daily active users worldwide (Form S-l, 2012).For a company such as Backbone, marketing position is very important. Market positioning determines the selection of customers that a business decides to be take (Applegate, Austin Souls, 2009). One of Passbooks ten ma in principles is One World which states The Backbone Service should transcend geographic and national boundaries and be avail able to everyone in the world (backbone. Com, 2012). Passbooks customer base is two-sided. They have the 845 million individuals that have profiles on the site and then they have the companies that advertise.Considering the fact that Backbone already has 845 million users and there are only seven billion people on the earth, here is not much room for Backbone to grow their consumer base. With China off significant ingathering in the user base of Backbone is very unlikely (Boyd, 2012). The opposite side to Passbooks customer base is the companies that purchase advertising on Backbone. Jonathan Blue (2012) states, any(prenominal) business would be foolish not to consider Backbone as an ongoing marketing option. According to Blue, Passbooks advertising costs are incredibly cheap.For a monthly fee advertisers can run ads and in return they receive a report on viewers impressions and click-through (Blue, 2012). In 2011 Backbone brought in $3. Billion in revenues from advertising alone. This accounts for eighty-five percent of their revenues. Backbone receives revenues from advertisers with many different objectives ranging from long-term brand awareness to stimulating an immediate purchase (Form S-l, 2012). The advertising on Backbone is based on the likes that users have on their accounts.Advertisers can decide what type of audience they think would be interested in their product, then Backbone displays adds on the sides of peoples news feeds based on their likes and preferences (Blue, 2012). Product positioning is the choice of products and services hat a company offers. It includes the features of these products and the price at which they will be offered. Backbone offers a variety of product including pages, profiles, ads and sponsored stories and platforms (backbone. Com, 2012). Different sides of their customer base use different p roducts that Backbone has to offer.Although the volume of Passbooks revenues come from advertising, they also receive income through other platforms where users purchase virtual and digital goods (Form S-l, 2012). The majority of the payments that Backbone receives from third-party applications come from Zingy, a social network gaming company (Boyd, 012). Business networking is the role that an organization plays and the activities it performs inwardly an extended network of suppliers, producers, distributors and partners. Over the years Backbone has partnered with many different companies in order to offer more to its users and make it become more tempting to use.Backbone has formed partnership with many companies such as Microsoft, Cell Partners, Digital lurch Technologies and more. Boundary positioning is when an organization determines the markets and products that they will not pursue. Backbone has not specified any specific market that it has not decided to pursue. The foun der, Mark Seersucker even traveled to China to speak with some of Chinas top technology executives in hopes of them removing the ban that had been placed on the use of Backbone in China. In 2009 the turn of events of Backbone users in China plummeted from one million to 14,000 due to the ban.While user numbers in China have slightly risen, many users are still blocked from accessing the site (Chaos, 2010). CAPABILITIES Capabilities help a company implement their business strategy while paving the way for future growth. It also helps a business see what resources are necessary in order o successfully execute their strategy (Applegate, Austin, Souls, 2009). In order to service its consumers, Backbone has created an intricate infrastructure, including custom-built servers, racks and UPS units.In an article by Rich Miller, the CEO of Backbone, Mark Seersucker is quoted saying, Being able to design more efficient servers Is a grand part of enabling us to build the features we add (2011 ). When Backbone has not released a definite number of servers that it runs off of, it is believed that by 2009 the company was running at least 60,000 servers in its data centers (Miller, 2010). We can conclude that since Backbone has began to design more efficient servers, that they have the resources and technology needed to support their user base.As the number of users increases, Backbone increases the number of servers and data centers so that their consumers can receive the best in class. The Backbone police squad is also comprised of very well educated people, who have the expertise needed in order to run and continue to improve the operations of Backbone. In my question of the company I did not run into anything that made me believe that the employees of Backbone were not fully qualified and competent in order to run the business. I also believe that the company has strong leadership and is comprised of people who are committed to making Backbone successful.Mark Seersucke r is very involved in all aspects of the company. quantify The majority of Passbooks stockholders are internal stockholders. Mark Seersucker, the CEO and founder of Backbone, owns twenty-four percent of the shares of Backbone. Some of the other leading stockholders include Cell Partners, Digital Sky Technologies, Microsoft, and co-founder Dustin Muscovite as well as many more (Carlson, 2010). Backbone has made recent headlines when GM decided to withdraw TTS $10 million undertake with Backbone for advertising (Junk, 2012). This raised a very important question for many investors.Will Backbone be able to attract and retain key customers? The majority of Passbooks revenue is generated through advertising and in their S-l that was filed in January of this year Backbone warns investors that there is a high degree of risk that is involved in place in Backbone. In order for Backbone to continue generating revenues, it will need to continue selling advertisement. While these revenues fr om advertising are purchased by business OTOH big and small, the success of Backbone selling advertising relies largely on the individuals that have profiles on Backbone.In their S-l Backbone states If we fail to retain existing users or add new users, or if our users decrease their level of engagement with Backbone, our revenue , financial results and business maybe significantly harmed (2012). One of the biggest marketing factors that Backbone has in selling advertisers is that a company who purchases advertising on Backbone could potentially reach the more than 800 million monthly active users on Backbone. This is also the downfall of advertising on Backbone. If the number of users decreases or people become less active, then that is less people that the advertising is reaching.

History Essay

To what extent was England dominated by Spain and the portion of Spanish interests during the reign of bloody shame When bloody shame decided upon making Spain a close ally in 1554 with the hymeneals of herself and Philip II of Spain, she took special precaution to non give the superpower too much(prenominal) authority over England. Despite that Lord Chancellor Gardiner and the House of Commons petitioned bloody shame to consider linking an Englishman, afterward they feared that England would be relegated to a dependency of Spain, this fear in many cases came true.Philip viewed the marriage as entirely political and his second visit to England was clearly only due to wanting involvement in England, Spanish interests in England were helpfully reinforced through the marriage and bloody shames foreign policy, subsequently making England a Spanish pawn. However arguments to indicate that England was not dominated by Spain are as well as clearly noticeable, as Mary received her ow n advantages out of the marriage with Philip and assured Spain of the little authority Philip would receive through the terms of agreement.The marriage between Mary and Philip which he viewed to be entirely political and leaving Mary to defer heavily on Philip allowed him to also enjoy titles and honours for as long as their marriage should last. All official documents, including acts of parliament were to be dated with both(prenominal) their names, parliament was to be called under the give voice authority of the couple and coins were to show the heads of both Mary and Philip.As well as Philip as a figure receiving authority in England, other advantages also lead to Spain being able to use England for Spanish interests. Involving England in the Hapsburg-Valois conflict, they made England into a submissive satellite around the Hapsburg power this finally led to the disadvantage of precious Calais for England after there was limited assistance in defence of Calais. Philips coincid ental investment in the English navy led to huge advantages as he could consequently use this for his own benefit, and his dialogue with the Netherlands.This could perhaps be seen as pre-planned by Philip and therefore immobilely suggesting Spain was using England for its benefit wherever its interests lay. another(prenominal) examples are obvious of Philip taking advantage of English involvement, and this fag be seen at the Siege of St Quentin, where 5,000 Englishmen conjugate 70,000 Spanish. Philips forces broke through French defence and the English support was made to seem more than alpha than it was, in fact English troops were not actually needed at all.Overall England can be seen as doing exactly as Spain wished and Spain doing as they thought themselves needed, the English cleared the channel for Phillip as he wished and Philip only visited England when he required Englands involvement, the marriage appeared completely one sided as Mary showed reliance on Phillip and heavily on Spanish advisors. Alternative views can also be noticed, as England received huge advantages through the alliance with Spain and perhaps gained just as much if not more than Spain had.The marriage with Phillip increased Marys Spanish inheritance, Philip was heir to vast territories in continental atomic number 63 and the New World and upon marriage Mary became Queen of Naples and titular Queen of Jerusalem. It was obviously clear to Mary that she was in need of a husband and an heir, in this case Philip was providing both, he had already one intelligence from his first marriage and this proved him a good breeder so subsequently benefited Mary hugely and her certificate in England.Alternative support and security was also established upon the alliance as enthalpy II had strong Scottish support he was always a threat to England as he wanted Calais, heretofore Mary alone would seem an easy target, but aligned with Spain she appeared stronger. We must also notice that Mar ys tactical approach to the terms of the marriage agreement left her in a very safe position. If no heir was secured or Mary died, neither he or his heirs would have any claim to the throne of England, Philip was to receive the title of King and rule as occasion sovereign but he had no sovereign authority.He could not promote foreigners to hold mooring in England but he must uphold the laws of England. Those in Spain felt that Philips honour had been disparaged and its probable that Philip felt the same, however Mary was left safe and secure with the ability to use Spain as she wished. Mary was able to secure Englands main technical outlet with the Netherlands and could use Spanish help if necessary against political instability, overall English security increased hugely and the benefits were clearly noticeable, proving in fact England was not dominated by Spain and Spanish interests and Marys own interests were not left abandoned.In conclusion, both arguments provide fair point s and an equal understanding of advantages and disadvantages for each monarch due to the Spanish alliance however the view that England was a Spanish pawn is a weak one. It is obvious England played along with the portion of Spanish interests but Mary still upheld authority and power, she only behaved to Spanish wishes to keep the alliance strong and secure. This did not necessarily mean that England was dominated and under Spanish dependency.Mary had a necessity to marry and produce an heir, this was an expectation she was forced to follow, and subsequently Phillip filled this position and secured many other insecurities which needed to be attended. Consequently England possessed access to numerous things Spanish inheritance, Charles V as an ally, Englands main commercial outlet with the Netherlands, access to Spanish Atlantic treasure and political stability. Overall England received increasing security and benefits from the alliance with Spain, proving England not to be dominate d by Spain but using Spain to its advantage evenly as much.

Interview Outline

In life every hotshot has different think and behaviors usually do to how a soulfulness is raised during childhood, what they have seen during childhood, or it is inherited through genes that are passed on to them. I chose two battalion for my final paper, they happen to be a husband and wife, their names are Lela and Jerry Hyles, they have been married for cardinal years they have no children together but they have many step children, Lela is 40 and Jerry is 58, the wife is about eighteen years younger than her husband, They are two currently unemployed they are alter to work.These people are my parents Lela is my mother and jerry is my step father but if I have to choose one I would rather speak to the wife instead of the husband because I have more get together with her than him the wife is not only my mother but she is my best friend. I made the decision of choosing both a male and female for my interview because men and women think a little differently in some situations , which I thought, might shed a little light on the difference in the midst of the two genders and their thinking.Interview Questions 1. ) Does the interviewee prefer studying in a library, or at home where on that point are background noises and some distractions? 2. ) Has the individual you are interviewing taken the Myers Briggs test? Report the results. 3. ) Does the interviewee think these results are accurate? Why or Why not? 4. ) Which experience does this person think contributed most in the development of his or her personality? 5. Does this person feel that he or she is self-monitoring in regards to his or her attitudes? How or how not? 6. ) What does the interviewee feel was the strongest influence on his or her attitude? 7. ) What role does your interviewee think a persons race, gender, or ethnicity play when forming that persons personality and attitudes? 8. ) Does this person feel he or she is better at tasks when intrinsically motivated or extrinsically motivated? . ) The learning and memory process? 10. ) Does the interviewee consider information more accurately if he/she observes the behavior being performed? Yes I do have authorization to speak to them on this paper. Also Instructor Michelle Hill I hope I done this appellation correctly. My reference I got them from the questions from Appendix A that I will be asking to the interviewers. Final retch Overview.

Pancreatitis Medical Report Essay

Mr. Tabouya was diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis and Pancreas Divisum at birth. These diseases have caused the long-suffering to have Gallstones which were prove and removed by ERCP 2 years ago. During the administering of the procedure the physician discovered the patient to have a pancreatic pseudocyst.The treatment for this condition was drainage with an endoscope. The onset of Hypertension (high blood pressure) was detected in the patient 5 years ago and he has been taking Furosemide (lasix) since the detection. He has also been taking azathioprine for help with his weak immune system and to aid his rheumatoid arthritis. The patients history also shows low levels of triglyceride and was diagnosed with Hypertriglyceridemia, and has a desolate case of pancreatitis. The patient may have a history of alcoholism. cod to the patient being obese, blood running games were ordered and the findings of elevated levels of lipids and too much calcium were noticed. Therefore the diagnosing of hyperlipidemia and a reasonable recognition of hypercalcemia were established. Because of the new and pre-existing conditions another blood test was ordered to check the insulin levels.We determined there was a decreased level of insulin, along with a little increased level of blood amylase which is parallel to the lipase prognosis. This led us to the conclusion that the patient is suffering from severe pancreatitis. While using a Stethoscope to listen to the abdomen, the physician noticed no bowel sounds. After an abdominal CT scan was performed the patient was diagnosed with critical pancreatitis. Feasible complications involve infection in the pancreas and the onset of subject II diabetes.Physician recommended a low fat diet, and prescribed oral pancreatic enzymes to help with the digestion work on as well as insulin to regulate his blood sugar along with abstinence of alcohol. Surgery was mentioned to recall the drainage of the pancreatic discharges.

Drama Exploration Essay

During this task, we got into groups of four or five. Each of the four groups was given an lay out from the play to create a statue of monitor at contrasting moments. watch overs emotions varied for each one statue had a truly different objective, e. g. to intimidate, to plead, etc. My group, looked for retraces to base our statues on in set One. Through my statue of admonisher- I had a straight cover, my arms + hands were loaded forward and I had a frown, based on the path, be you deaf , I discovered a few things about reminder.Because the moment I chose was one that I preformed in an angry tone, I choose an angry line Ill show you a neat doin on you arse This line is preformed in mockery and is almost playful tho, stern. I realized that reminder is the only character so far to whom we can relate. He has a sense of humor and seems bid the only character that is non constantly serious. admonisher is calm and we can visualize his entrance and aura. The accompaniment that he has a sense of humor makes us, as the audience, like him. Group two looked at Act Two. There were many contrasting moments.The statues that I remember did not focus on the relationship among Elizabeth and Proctor, to the extent that I would have liked. The statue that did a small investigation on how Proctor is feeling was Justins Sitting on a chair, hands interlocked with a soft face and an arched back as if talking softly to someone (Elizabeth). He said his line I mean to please you rightfully and softly. Because of Justins performance, I realized that Proctor and Elizabeth are still uneasy because of the affair. Furthermore, Elizabeth is being very rough and Proctor is trying very challenging to try and get the relationship back together.An opposite line which comes to mind is an everlasting funeral marches around your heart. This is when Proctor loses his temper Proctor has tried really hard and is lashing out because of what Elizabeth said to him. The big thing that I realized Proctor did commit fornication but, there is a substantial possibility that it was not entirely his fault. If Elizabeth is acting this way at this point un-cooperative and stubborn there is a substantial possibility that she had the qualities before the affair, refining my point. Group tercet looked at Act Three. During this scene that is entirely located in the courtroomhouse, various things overtake.Proctor entered the courthouse very calm Andres portrays Proctor holding himself very high, his head is thrown back and he has his chest out, revealing the new tuition to the court She never saw no sprits sir The tone is almost pleading Proctor is really deferent to the Judge and he attends that he needs to keep his temper cool. I believe that Group Three covered the main moments. They chose the line where Proctor looses his temper and finally cracks- Proctor calls Abigail a- whore- and reveals that he has had an affair. The authorised thing that I realized is Pro ctor has admitted his sin to the Puritan society.Proctor knows by revealing the tuition about his affair with Abigail he has ruined his name in Salem. The reason why Proctor has revealed the nurture is important he really loves his wife Elizabeth and he would sacrifice everything for her. Proctors plan backfires Elizabeth tells a lie. Group Three choose that moment God is dead I realized that its not because Proctor does not believe in God. I realized and was reminded that Proctor says that because he believes that the events would not happen if God were looking after them young girls should not be able to manipulate a court of grown men. Group Four looked at Act 4.At this point Proctor is broken. Proctor is shown having his aliveness taken out he still has his dignity. Proctor is reduced to almost nothing he is kneeling, Proctor trusted his life. Proctor chooses to reveal he was working with the devil, because he wants to live with Elizabeth. Because of what Danforth wants fr om him Proctor lost his temper- Proctor is asked to sign his name to his statements. When Danforth asks him for his signature, at this point, Proctor has had enough and decided to be hung. The image, when Proctor stood tall and opposes Danforth, helped me understand something very important Proctor is the hero of the play.Proctor chooses to die then make his friends die pointlessly. Proctors sacrifice condemning himself to death instead of letting his friends die in vain. It would be so easy for Proctor to give up and live his life quietly in the farm. However, because of his sacrifice he has shown ultimate courage and goodwill. Proctor is the hero who we admire. Miller wants us to like Proctor. Proctor is human he had an affair we all have flaws. Proctor contrast, with other charters. Tituba was in a similar position but she broke and told lies. Proctor stood up for what is right. Proctor goes against the court and it costs him his life.Miller is trying to tell us something Miller wants us to realize that heroes dont always win. A hero is someone who stands up against adversity and does what he thinks is right. We repeated the same procedure with Abigail. However, Abigail had no lines in Act 2 and 4 so those two groups were forced to create images for Abigail. I was part of Group One. The statue that was shown had a lot of contrast. Abigail was shown as a girl that had different emotions depending on who she was talking too. Our group choose the moment where Abigail was threatened the other girls a pointy reckoning that will shudder you. I was the statue for that line. I closed my fist, as if mimicking the knife, and said my line cruelly with nostrils flaring. The audience had contrast between my line and Nicoles give me a word deception This shows that Abigail changes her personality refining my first point. Nicole said the line trying to seduce John, her head was tilted back and her face was soft, the audience has to realize that Abigail has not given up on John even though she had been sacked. Furthermore, Abigail changes her personality according to the people around her. Group Two focused on Act Two.Abigail had no lines in Act Two, so the group had to invent some. The statue that I think conveyed the importance of Act Two was Enriques. Enrique was sitting on a chair clutching his stomach rolled on the floor and groaned and said, as held up his hand, a needle. The audience has to understand that Abigail really wants to kill Elizabeth ruining her name so. Because Abigail did this and said, we are told by Herrick, Goody Proctor sent her sprit on me Elizabeth is taken to prison. Furthermore, John got direct and aggressive and decided to go with Mary Warren to confront the court.Group Three focused on Act Three. This is the scene where Proctor confronts the court trying to prove Abigail as a liar. The most important statue that I remember Abigail in fright and her line Why do you come yellow bird? This acting by Abigail is very smart - she diverts all the attention away from her. Abigail is kneeling looking up with her hand in her hair, this makes her look revered and we pity her. Proctor challenges her in front of the court revealing the affair, although not proven, to bring the tension away from her she chooses to make a scene.Through this acting the accusation of her innocence is forgotten, the attention is drawn to Mary Warren- Abigail is a smart girl and everything is planned in her mind. Group Four focused on Act Three. in addition to Act Two, Miller only references Abigail not giving her any lines. The statue that I felt was most important Abigail sobbing. Abigail had her head in her hands and said no He is dead. Abigail still loves Proctor. Abigail did not want Proctor dead, only Elizabeth. As a child, Abigail can not comprehend with Proctors mentality. Abigail does not understand that Proctor really loves his wife, the affair was a mistake.Abigail cant accept that Proctor does not love her. The audienc e has to realize that Abigail did those things not to be popular or for fun. I feel that Abigail honestly wanted to hurt people. In act 2 and 4 Abigail has no lines but is mentioned and events- Elizabeth being taken to prison- a result of Abigail. This shows her importance and how events are carefully planned by her. She did exactly what she wanted to do. She is a leader and has a lot of power. Abigail, through the menacing lines warning and threatening her friends get what she wants.

Effect of Advertisement on Sales

MKT 321 MARKETING look METHODS JAN APRIL 2013 CAT 1 Using the fellowship and skills acquired in this course ( look methods) explain how would advance the performance of your Research and Development Department in a firm (15 marks) A search and knowledge (R&D) part in a firm is responsible for innovations in design, crossroads, and style. This part is responsible for creating innovative new products to keep companies a step ahead of the competition. Many companies also rely on the R&D department to improve existing consumer products, and to explore new ways of producing them.Companies thrive and succeed by creating innovative products, as easily as by increasing attach to profit and utilizing cost-efficient methods. A enquiry and festering department is primarily responsible for ensuring that these goals are met. This is an especially important function in the fields of manufacturing and pharmaceuticals, but bum be applied to virtually any industry. Often, research and d iscipline works closely with the trade department. merchandise studies consumer trends by surveying and researching consumer demands, purchasing methods, product sales, and the existence and development of technology across the relevant grocery store.The marketing department gathers all the data, and makes this information available to the R&D department, which depart take action in response to the findings and proceed to keep the company on top of circulating(prenominal) market needs. Consumer demands often transmute very quickly, and the research and development department must be alert and adapt to these market fluctuations accordingly. I would invest a substantial amount of money to research and development so that it can continually modify and update the firms products to preserve a brands position within the market.This is because stock-still if our product would be leading in the market, however much it is a key product, usually will not remain in the number one market position forever without some type of receipts and advancement. Research and development department software The progress of innovation research and product development requires a good balance between the team and forethought involved in RD projects. dignitary Task Manager provides this balance and allows to manage RD projects and activities rough-and-readyly.The software helps to carry information on the latest developments and coordinate the resource assignment to new promising projects in efficient and timely way. high muckamuck Task Manager can be used as RD project management software for organizing the workflow of the department. The software gives the following options Quality is a major issue and RD department is deeply involved in ensuring feeling of new products and attaining the required levels of regulatory requirements. In cooperation with the shade assurance department, RD department develops a quality plan for new products.When a company sells a product on the marketplace, it should keep regulatory compliance with legal requirements. By using Centriqs, the RD managers can organize the workflow for researches and development of new products. In Centriqs, there can be used task templates for researches of typical products as well as for a new product spec development. The software allows to add new workflow with specific task statuses. By introducing Centriqs shareware into the workflow, the RD department can performanceive cooperate with QA department through sharing tasks and projects aimed to development of quality plans for new products.The RD managers can use the Files view to upload regulatory documents to the database and attach documents to required tasks shared between engineers, technicians and scientists. Research and development department goals/tasks The main goal of the RD department is to provide the geological formation with pro-active leadership in the industry and strong competitive advantages through implementation of new technologies and solutions aimed to improve genuine product range and develop new products.The RD department closely works with the quality assurance department in order to create a new solution for enhancing the sustainability and the quality of products. The tasks of RD department could be split into two main groups research and development. The groups are closely linked with each other, however they stupefy some peculiarities. The research activities allow the organization to find more effective ways to produce a product. The development activities are focused on how to implement these ways into manufacturing of the current or a new product.Research and development department in company structure Research and development are often very expensive and it takes much time to get positive results from them. However about businesses invest a lot of money in research and development and build RD departments. The organizations which have RD departments in their structure, gain big advantages, because 1. Products are commercialized faster 2. Products legislate global markets 3. Contribution to customer confidence 4. Effective exploitation of technologies 5.They gain advantages over rivalsThe research and development department will enable a more progressive and faster transfer of innovations into product development and exploitation. CAT 2 As a manager you have noted that the sales for a accredited product have dropped despite having increased the level of advertising. Explain in details how you would undertake a market research to know whether advertising falls sales (20 marks) a. Background information. The reach serves to put research objectives into linguistic context, and it will help me to understand why I will pursue the objectives of knowing why advertising affect sales.I would detail what i see as creation the main events that have caused or contributed to the advertising effect on sales. Such a background gives a framework for the detecti ve to investigate other emf events, contributory factors or causes. b. Objectives. The first part of this section would detail which marketing decisions are to be end once the research has been undertaken. This requires decision-makers to explain what they see as the focus of the decision they plan to make. They then go on to explain what gaps(s) they see in their knowledge. Those gaps create the focus to planned esearch activities and set the research objectives. The reflexion of the marketing objectives can encompass two areas organizational objectives and personal objectives of the decision-maker. For the investigator this may not be explicit or obvious to discern. It may take time working with a decision-maker or a particular organization to see the potential conflicts in organizational and personal objectives. This first-step brief offers the opportunity for the researcher to draw out and develop a much clearer vision of marketing and research objectives.Drawing out and d evelopment decisionmakers perspective of objectives, helps the process of developing a common understanding of what the decision-maker is trying to achieve. c. Target to research. Any market research project will measure, understand or observe a target group of individuals. These may be distinct groups of consumers, channel members such as retailers or competitors, or company employees. In this section, details of the characteristics of the target group(s) can help in much research design decisions.These cover areas of identification, gaining access to deal research, understanding which techniques are appropriate to measure or understand these individuals, and the best environment or context in which to conduct the research. d. Who is to use the findings? This section would outline brief details of the decision-maker who will use the research findings. For example, certain decision makers may be entrepreneurial and introspective, looking for short-term tactical advantages. Managers with a background and training in statistics may expect results to be analyzed and presented in a particular direction to have any credibility.Other managers may not have such training or may even be distrustful of statistical analysis and seek a more qualitative interpretation. These 19 issues have an impact upon the nature and extent of analysis conducted upon the data collected and the style and format in which research findings will be presented. e. Constraints. The main limitation to marketing researchers carrying out what they may perceive as being the correct way to research a problem is the time and money that the marketer can afford. With knowledge of time and cost constraints, the researcher can develop a research design to suit these eeds. The researcher may also demonstrate other courses of action that could demand greater amount of money or time, but could have clear benefits that the marketer may be unaware of. Other constraints, such as those imposed by the client f irms personnel, organizational structure and culture, or decision devising styles, should be identified to determine the scope of the research project. Yet constraints should not be allowed to diminish the assess of the research to the decision-maker or to compromise the integrity of the research process.In instances where the resources are too limited to allow a project of sufficient quality, the firm should be advised not to undertake formal marketing research. f. administrative considerations. These would lay out the administrative details in completing the research project. Examples could be the expected deliverance of interim reports, contacts in the organization that may be able to help supply further information, or reference to sources of materials and individuals that are needed to complete the research successfully.