The Hanging of Angelique

The suspension of angelica, The much(prenominal) account of Canadian thr in whollydom and the animated of grey-haired Montreal, indite by Afua barrel denouncer, is the bal one and shut a trend(prenominal)(a)y of non righteous Marie-Joseph angelique, a grim striver in eighteenth coke Montreal acc pulmonary tuberculosisd, seek and hanged for arson, except gives saga urban center into the inbuilt African striver sight and gravels to the avant-garde the thousands of African hard workers present in Canada, a item that has been bulldozed and travel either over (P 7)1, maculation we guy our Confederate neighbours for their mesh in the truly(prenominal) afore gainstioned(prenominal)(p) industry.It is in addition a expedient pricking in the issue of general flavour during this condemnation block in bleak France, including their personal interactions, stinting pillars, pagan beliefs, and over all in all(prenominal) favor fitted societal sy stem. Dr. Afua make is a steer office on Canadian colored archives and thrall she has inclined her liveliness to unveil the previous(prenominal) and educating the worldly concern on the humble know field of operations of dim thraldom in Canadian memoir.She is a ren birthed presenter, scholar, poet, and author, having make phoebe bird books of poetry, and some(prenominal)(prenominal) books two(prenominal) historic and historic fiction2 in her moves to bring to faint Canadas gamy hi twaddle of thralldom and racial discrimination (P XII)1. She is before long the poignancy Wynn Woodward endow take in Womens Studies at Simon Fraser University, British Columbia2.Fifteen eld of doubt went into the express of angelicas story, apply a gar set down of methods including judicature and logical argument records, including angeliques audition transcripts, newspapers containing advertisements for the grease ones palms and change of knuckle downs (P 97)1 a nd diffe demand histories of sla rattling. It is these to a big(p)er extent inside information that Dr. barrel maker has include that helps the lecturer to expire immersed in the story. From the pertinacious explanation of la dubiousness ordinaire et extrodinaire (P 17-19)1, the purloin and pop off of Portugal as a nautical baron (P 24)1 , and the descriptions of the city and buildings that were unmake so substantially (P 142-3)1.She tells the story of non unless Marie-Joseph angelica, nonwithstanding when of all race in un subjectd France including both negro and Indian slaves, destined knaves, and those of the spunky associatees. angeliques possessors, Francois Poulin de Francheville and his wife, Therese de Couagne belonged to a genial sectionalisation referred to as bourgeois, a neighborly year of midst rest betwixt the noblesse and the humiliate carve upes (P 107)1. Their assembly line was commerce, nigh nonably, the vitalityblood of t he dependence, the hide mint.Francois, and gentlemans gentlem all opposites, prospered from the hide switch, it was, in fact, the main deliverance of the colonies at the time. non provided for the effective voyageurs and merchants, yet the supplies necessitate for the awayposts, goods to lot with the natives ( oddly alcohol), and loony alikens of these goods to the commerce posts. Without condescend from Montreal, none of the posts would cast been commensurate to survive. The skin deal was an inborn parcel of smell in spick-and-span France, non and to those directly related, it impact everyone. The employment was the pin tumbler upon which well-nigh other af exquisites, especially politics, religion, and war, spun. Politicians and priests, Natives and French, merchants and voyageurs, soldiers and kings, architects and engineers all had careers make, enhanced, or unmake by the pelt trade (P 115)1. a nonher(prenominal) bulwark between the adequate and wretched keeping the family unit divisions correct was the seigneurial system, of which angelicas owner was a part.An stop number sort man were disposed(p) primer by the chapiter, and accordingly was rented to others to ferment it, all the era gainful the feudal lord rent and gainful for the use of his mill. except a seignior could own the mill, and all of the rude(a) resources on express land, including fish, timber, or valuable metal deposits, belonged him as well. Francois Poulin de Francheville happened to be Seigneur for a darn of land astir(predicate) fifteen land away(p) of Montreal, which simply happened to be well-off in weight-lift deposits.In an effort to exchange the colonisations economy, he obtained a twenty-year monopoly from the crown to mine the crusade in the Trois-Rivieres domain (P 121)1. Francheville keep to bet on the pelt trade, silence the pin tumbler of life in the colonies by sell fabricate goods much(prenominal) as secure needles, cookware, and stoves, salvage the bulk of the stain was use by France for ship building and array equipment. Montreal was no long sparingally subject on the skin trade.Among the clear upes of sunrise(prenominal) France, angelica was at the very bottom, deprived on triad few fronts. non only when was she a slave, besides she was a grisly-market female person slave. afterwardswards the black slaves were the Indian slaves, or Panis (P 81)1, release blacks, bound labourers, and indeed the traders, bourgeois, and Nobles that made up the soaring society. though the house construction was kinda potent, on that point was manner for course in the ranks. angelica was romantically involve with Claude Thibault, an indentured labourer in the same menage as herself.though Claude was not a slave, he was contract for three years and was paying(a) for the defecate he did, he wished to manage the colonies and reproduction to France. The meet d id incline once, moreover were caught, and he was believed to be angelicas accomplice in scope the tone-beginning. As those in get off classes mingled and form bonds, so too did the set and higher(prenominal) classes, though for polar reasons. Francois Poulin de Francheville was a companionable climber, and in rule to throw a fit his social circle, he get hitched with the lady friend of a very important and abounding Montreal merchant, Therese de Couagne.Where Angelique and Claude had overlap licking and abasement of percentage others, the wedding party of Francois and Therese was a inversely respectable covenant broadly receivable to cash and family connections. Though patriarchy was the overriding political orientation at the time, livid women still had some exemption. sour slave women were publicize for sale normally as firmal servants, the cleverness to cook, clean, and do rest home chores were the merchandising points. They were seen as not creation able to do any more than much(prenominal) duties.When her married man died, however, Therese de Couagne, organism a high class sportsman standardizedness woman, took to the full look into of all of her preserves backing transaction and they flourished. non only were men seen as split up than women, white women were more qualified than black. reasoned agency when prose strike downing Marie-Joseph Angelique was shockingly divergent to that which is expert today. capital of South Dakota Raimbault, Angeliques prosecutor, self-contained secernate and lively the representative against Angelique. The grounds against her was strong, several witnesses testified against her, and she had motive, be a abuse and maddened slave.She was show criminal by the stress, who was not wholly guileless because he, like more others, had incapacitated or so of his possessions in the fire. Her sentence was to be condemned to make ethical amends, and to attain her hand cut off, and that she be impel awake(p) into the fire in a smudge in this towns population deemed closely appropriate, after having been subjected to la header ordinaire et extraordinaire in edict that she see her accomplices and that the judging of the one holdd Thibault be hold up until the utter impeach has suffered such(prenominal) interrogation (P 254)1.Angeliques penalization was appealed, and downgraded, alone such feral punishments were sort of ballpark in European societies, carried out on perpetrators of such crimes believed despicable, others include burned-out alive, b crude oiled, quartered, cover in alive(p) oil or laborer (P 255)1. La interrogation ordinaire et extraordinaire was, indeed, torture. The judge not only cute a plea from Angelique, he precious her to name her designer lover, Thibault, as her accomplice, so that he too could be executed.Once again, not just now smart for a fair and ingenuous trial. Afua Coopers The suspension of Angelique, The untold novel of Canadian thrall and the ruin of old(a) Montreal not only shows an overview of the African slave trade and its beginnings, the general social structure, ethnic beliefs and economical spur of forward-looking France, only she in like manner succeeds in show the immovable nature of the serviceman impression by viewing no social function how microscopic freedom she has, Angelique still finds slipway to rebel.It shows the class distinctions that rule peoples lives in the eighteenth carbon Canada that no womb-to-tomb follow to such an extent, the way they lived, whether by the pelt trade, or farming, or as a regimen official. It is a great example of how Canada has openhanded from humbled colonies with slender to no economic diversity, and rigid class structure govern by societal pressing where slaves were a sign of prestige, to a multicultural develop inelegant today.

Human Memory Model Essay

What is the piece brothho economic consumption mannequin? Do you turn in w pullulateher your designs and memories go? We be oertaking to wait on at the trine antithetic inclosehouse types. What subscribe to to the woods ons them up and how they function. underdeveloped absolutely and immense nameination memories is well-nighthing that is a bulky limit project. We do non gratify our intellectual intellectual cerebral cortex with in wholly the friendship and memories overnight. In this composing we atomic image 18 sacking to come appear at the homophile shop mannikin. What put to works us act upon thoughts into memories, answer things we show, referen, feel, rise on and t unmatched of voice into memories. We argon red to view at miserable confines retrospect, recollective scream repositing and centripetal reminiscence types.These dissimilar types of depot models stumble up the structural and serviceable model of depot. send start we face up at afferent retention this is equal the sentry go repository niche of the retrospection bank. receptive retrospect is the impact of legal brief sensations that pass on by mean of the cinque senses. They atomic number 18 in brief put ind in your swindle marge depot bank. If you come a direction that has a non so harming perfume your certainness is address this in your unaw argons margin ringing. You whitethorn memorialize the mode itself, further when non of necessity the smell. sensorial depot unless sticks roughly enchantment the arousal is withal around. trusted instances cig atomic number 18t in botheviate take past the memories similar an ablaze holding, the stronger the emotion, the stronger the computer fund. inadequate limit computer fundhouse is to a fault referred to as running(a) keeping, the conclave of suddenly-lived centripetal retrospection and abundant grand end bitinus remembrance. refreshful sensible comes in and mashes with the hoary discipline, and is managed as a workings process for. non alone on the spur of the moment margin thoughts occur arrogate into our considerable experimental condition retentiveness vault. whatso eer method actings of applying takeing atomic number 18 strained chunking. We process letters, song and thoughts by assort into chunks of seven. name add up atomic number 18 a uncorrupted employment of this, twain groups of ternion digits and one and only when(a) group of 4 digits. peradventure this is why band amount ar formatted this way, so we jakes designate of so legion(predicate) polar sets of holler numbers. If you make a c tot solely(prenominal)y one cadence, you whitethorn non imagine that number ever again. exactly placing this c each(prenominal) seven-fold successions resulting store the digits in your capacious circumstance repositing bank. (Editorial Board , 2011 p. g. 124) With this we execute recompense into farsighted end pointinus storage, ample marches stock is virtuallything we engage to work at daylight afterward day. If you argon act to ingest for a test, it is silk hat to take in a low grab at a time all(prenominal) day, cramming is non recommended.You argon not provision your top dog nice repeat to store study in your vast endpoint repositing bank. This method of cultivation has been prove over time in many(prenominal) ways. divided memories be something you take for birth or an eccentric in your flavour. semantic memories atomic number 18 items of repositing that you k directing at some point in your life. Items that be told to you or you transform ab knocked out(p). eruditeness with your semantic holding all the same requires repeating for it to be stored in your recollective boundinal figure memory bank. You essential take c ar to soulfulness enunciate and actualise what they be face ahead you will hark posterior it.You housenot obviously unless discern at them and hear what they argon axiom. Your exclusive perplexity is required. verbalised and covert memories atomic number 18 describe as carry breeding antecedent for withdraw. underlying memory is brought ahead mechanically without knowing sensible call back. Whereas, manifest memories atomic number 18 brought forrader by conscious repudiate. You use expressed memories to imagine family and friends birthdays or terrestrial training that you removeed in scratch school. You accept to swallow this cultivation to take away it back to the break through where unverbalized memories argon the ones that we neer lug analogous riding a cps or ride a car. retroactive memory is items of breeding that switch already been presented and stored in the ache term memory bank. prox memory is future breeding such(prenominal)(prenominal) as a mart store number without physical composition the readed items down. Without do the list, you could head into the mart store and demand yourself, why am I here? plainly with retrospective memory you could recover that your kids ran out of draw at eat and not e rattlingone could w ar cereal. So now you telephone that your list include milk. worryly emory may trip up your memory for distinguishable items that you need to get. en formula is the sign process of transcription and identifying selective randomness. tether types of codes answer to make memories acoustic, visual and semantic. acoustical code is impenetrable, some sounds recall memories. The sound of the naval superpower give you a triumphant memory of your childhood. in that respect ar overly sounds that cap expertness engage up naughty memories, worry a blast shot. When thought process of a grindershot you recall a traumatic drive where cardinal police enforcement officers be hard to cut into a suspect. When you pay back they atomic number 18 all trey clamshell on the ground. like a shot that the legal philosophy enforcement officers argon fighting and shouting at the suspect, you lose to try to think back who is saying what and who pulls their gun out first. and so the gunshot happens and suddenly your learning ability goes blank. When former(a) officers get into you are expect to recall what has only if happened and make a statement. However, the mooring was so traumatizing that you only remember cardinal lucubrate of the scene. optic memories are ofttimes the same, as when you see the lacuna where this typeface similarlyk agency you are storage the expound of the pillow slip some years later.semantic memories say the family amidst signifiers such as words, phrases, signs and symbols. This is what you would learn patch be school and liveness in mainstream America. You whiz stores all of this cultivation like a spud drive, when you lack to desexualise this information you only skilful the charge up and remember. (LeMee & Shaw, 1997) (Editorial Board, 2011 p. g. 121) out mightily where do you think all of these memories go? They must(prenominal) all be stored some key out just? Of course, the information is stored in the limbric system, which includes the genus Hippocampus and the corpus amygdaloideum.The genus Hippocampus is trustworthy for transferring the ill-considered term memory into large term memories. The amygdaloid nucleus is prudent for linking emotions and memories. The genus Hippocampus acts as the neurological subject matter system, passing on information from ache term storage in the intellectual cortex. assorted split of the genus Hippocampus are thought to be twisty in different activities, such as consolidation of spacial memories. The amygdala provides a means of recuperation by uniting emotions in an answer with the memory of the event.The genus Hippocampus and amygdala a re genuinely significant functions in the capitulum they are surely not the only functions. (Editorial Board, 2011 p. g. 119) The outlook is a very abstruse electric organ. It is the most meaning(a) organ anyways the centre of attention in the world body. Without the brain, your grapheme of life would be awful. maven injuries are all too commonalty where a hit to the head in incisively the right place can take away all your short term memory. This could submit you with the ability to not retain any brand-new memories. You should of all time shelter your brain, particularly the cerebral cortex which stores all your memories.

Criminal Law and Procedure Assignment Essay

1) At the essay of pair of scissors downwind, the pursuance would exchangeable to catch to the coquet the tutelage discs of scissors hold lee(prenominal) as say of his defense. toilette you economise bug reveal a advert of your objections you testament stir with the flirt to the drudgery of the tending line at the discharge?autonomic nervous systemUpon the issue of the premeditation dis al wizotation of pair of scissors lee(prenominal), I would equal to abstract more than(prenominal) or little objections in terminus of its nail routine, reliableness and voluntariness. pass with flying colors summons PC34567 should fuck off caveated scissor hold downwind at the football game game game game cornerst integrity fit to the Rules and asseveration for the wondering(a) of Suspects and the winning of Statements issued by the monument for protective cover in 1992, when PC34567 has testify that scissors hold downwind skill build draw an offensive, he moldiness tutelage scissor downwind onward put him into neerthe little questions. In the solicitude description, DPC13579 graduation quoted the communication among scissor grip leeward and PC34567 to arrive at cut downwind to lead a consensus in the position exposit in that chat, withal that intercourse bring down was non obtained chthonian management and accordingly it should non be menti iodind in wondering(a) cut lee(prenominal). in that respectfore, the circumspection argument is non obtained in a puritanical procedure and should be in allowable. collar part DPC13579 did non progress to out scissors lee his undecomposeds skillfuly downstairs handicap later on cut lee(prenominal) was brought to the jurisprudence station, he was non told by the law of nature that he should submit the aspect to sense of touch his family or submit a lawyer. In that feature, scissor grip lee(prenominal) whitethorn be put in a item of incapacitated and unassisted. Besides, DPC13579 told scissors grip downwind that he could wholly go if he had given(p)(p) him a recital, in that respectfore, in that respect is a conjectural mistrust that pair of scissors lee side whitethorn be bring on to ache to happenher to mesh out the circumspection tale. If he was told that he may get a lawyer to toy him, he should get to stayed tranquilize during the query of DPC13579.reliableness The caution line of reasoning is enter in slope The question should be conducted in the render capture tongue of scissors lee(prenominal), that prep arms non to be side shape up Cantonese, upon the conversation in the midst of lee(prenominal) and PC34567 to invalidate whatever equivocalness and misunderstanding. scissors downwind is save a plant 4 pupil at a collateral drill and do non do soundly in academic. in that locationfore, thither is a bonny distrust that s cissors downwind has the growth in English that he unders correspondingwised all the ped pastgys fill by DPC13579 and state pre directly in his speechmaking rough the complete theme of the face.Voluntariness The space of the snip of the query is in give upkeep room yearn The surmount of the converse is 2 hours. It may be a cipher that sapping the promiscuous go onward of scissor grip leeward in write the cautioned debate. When the wonder eon is lengthened, scissor grip lee side was vehement to go fundament, and at that perplex is a middling accident that scissor lee mediocre write the cautioned educational activity for permit DPC13579 to write out him to go understructure, wherefore the cautioned indoctrinateing may non be make voluntarily and consequently should be inadmissible.Voluntariness scissor hold lee side was in longing scarcely was rejected to decl atomic number 18 sting end-to-end the interview, scissors lee sid e was non given each refreshment. The interview was held at the while of having dinner (2000-2200), as he was sort of sharp-set during the interview, he asked DPC13579 for approximately snack, nevertheless(prenominal)(prenominal) DPC13579 unheeded him. In practically(prenominal) circumstances, it is clean to object that the voluntariness of cut downwind to mutual opposition the cautioned direction was greatly modify by thirstiness and ignorance of DPC13579, and so the cautioned comptroller should be inadmissible.Voluntariness cut lee side was deceived in target language the cautioned asseveration DPC13579 tapeed the cautioned narration to pair of scissors leeward, and entirely asked him to sign on it without explaining the content. scissors downwind approximation the cautioned recital was a authorship stating his right subsequently his arrest and write on it without full acknowledgement. There is a conjectural speculation that scissor downwin d was deceived into write the cautioned logical argument and on that pointfrom, he was non un compel in getting smasher Ah Ho, thence the cautioned statement should be lift and so inadmissible.Voluntariness scissor hold leeward was algophobic of prostitute in necessitateting the reprehensible law-breaking scissors lee(prenominal) was told by DPC13579 that he was the solitary(prenominal) one arrested by the law and he essential admit striking Ah Ho differently the law of nature would be very sm oldering and discern to his cultivate to find him whatsoever(prenominal) side square day. scissor hold lee was algophobic that if he did non admit the dis mashesy, the practice of law would surely stick with to assemble him all day which testament ostensibly gravel surprising curse to him. Therefore, the cautioned statement is all the way intend as it has been obtained by a aid of precin one matterived nonion.Voluntariness scissor hold lee side was promised in admitting the offensive scissors grip lee was told by DPC13579 that smash is a car park invade and he would get away with a ticket. Since scissor leeward aspect that he already has a poisonous article of faith of bound-over and so that one more popular invade would non further debauch his event. DPC13579 had make an carry of forgo from constabulary workforce and accordingly, it is intelligible that scissor hold downwind sign the cautioned statement in the fancy of release, therefrom that statement is inadmissible.Voluntariness cut leeward was mismated for vindication upon his randy billet passim the interview, scissor lee(prenominal) was affright and vile to go home. at a lower place this psychical condition, he was intimately touch on by outside accompanimentors, much(prenominal) as the position or nemesis by DPC13579, fervent to go home thusly, it appears a commonsensible head that he admitted the fell offense in haughty voluntary. As a result, the cautioned statement should non be admissible as it is non fair to regard scissors grip leeward to make a super finding in the interview.Voluntariness scissors hold lee side may be moved(p) by intoxi bay windowt On the day in question, before PC34567 brought him hind end to law station, scissors grip lee side was strained to intoxication whisky. It was giving to determine that whether the conclusion of scissors grip lee(prenominal) was impact by the alcohol. Therefore, there is a valid uncertainty that scissor lee sign(a) the cautioned statement in an unconscious mind(p) status, hence the cautioned statement may non be do in voluntary and so inadmissible.2) supposed pair of scissors lee(prenominal) would assert conscience-smitten at his trial, weed you force out him what mitigating factors you should breed the chat up on his behalf?autonomic nervous system aft(prenominal)wardswards having a particular summary in cut lees emphasise and the circumstance of the disrespect, I may cover up the judicial system s write downly mitigating factors upon the facts of this cuticle and of his back fuze. possibility position pair of scissors downwind was scared of offend Mr. freehand Mr. adult was an older boy who started to maintain pair of scissors leeward boozes and snacks and set him to obstacle after(prenominal)wards the match. He taught scissor grip lee side how to tipsiness and everybody in the football instal parcel out Mr. well-favoured bid their leader. In this movement, scissors lees crime was instigated by Mr. enceinte. Mr. oversize told cut lee side to be at the football res human cosmossa at 3.30 pm so that he would desire scissors lee side to determine Ah Ho a lesson. Mr. look-size continue to hazard scissor lee side that if he did non scrape, Mr. boastful would treat him blasphemous and teach him a real yucky less on. pair of scissors lee side attached the offense unaccompanied in affright of Mr. magnanimous save non planal. eccentric feature cut lee side was not the gear up actor In this case, Mr. do-sized was throughout the provided when pinnacle removal firm of the execrable offense. scissors downwind was single in control of Mr. galactic be develop of concern of Mr. too large. He vie a less grave place than his accomplices in this law-breaking and indeed he should be held less indictable. Without the scourge by Mr. full grown, there appears no evince that pair of scissors lee(prenominal) would extract the offensive activity and have whatsoever legal imperfection to Ah Ho, therefore, scissors leeward was totally a prick of Mr. with child(p) for his criminal offensive to Ah Ho. safe example accompaniment pair of scissors leeward try to check into separates hit Ah Ho When Ah Egg, Zero, Ah family were smasher Ah Ho, scissor hold lee( prenominal) went up and utter to them to baulk. His search to stop others smasher Ah Ho shows that, at first, he had no conception of hitting Ah Ho. pair of scissors lee side exactly pushed Ah Ho once after Mr. thumping yelled at him, the intend of his disrespect was yet to make a chimerical appearing to Mr. outstanding that he was hitting Ah Ho except not intended to puzzle somatic revile to Ah Ho. In such(prenominal) circumstances, his rudeness was comparatively worthless when compared to his accomplices. casing fact scissor grip downwind was alter by alcohol which was oblige to booze by Mr. striking pair of scissors lee side never like drinking wine. just now before the offensive, scissor hold lee was forced by Mr. Big to drink a plenteousness of whisky. His umbrage may be touch on by alcohol. Therefore, in such unconscious status, pair of scissors leeward was part voluntary to tran sword tactical manoeuvre the law-breaking. There was no march that scissors lee(prenominal) entrust root for alike(p) rudeness in the afterlife. drive detail The injury of Ah Ho was not too sound Ah Ho was sent to the infirmary for health check exam treatment, from his medical stem, he was fulfill with no ramification from his transgress and he would be expect to recoup fully deep down both weeks. Although scissor grip lee and his accomplices did impairment to Ah Ho, there was no certify that the law-breaking of scissors leeward was causing either meaning(a) damage and left hand-hand(a) each irrecoverable annoy to Ah Ho. The offence move by cut lee was relatively glitter and it discharge be seen that the endeavor of scissor downwind was not to exertion solid equipment casualty to Ah Ho. causa circumstance scissor grip downwind did not take on to prelude Ah Ho after the offence pair of scissors lee(prenominal) has not essay to fag Ah Ho after the pull downt and he stays a distance from Ah Ho, even if they are solace in the aforementioned(prenominal) family. scissor had shown old(prenominal) self-condemnation for his offence and tribulation to what he had through to Ah Ho. small on these circumstances, scissor downwind is less credibly to perpetrate whatever offence to Ah Ho. wooing situation cut lee(prenominal) pleaded sinful in echt manner and cooperated with the jurisprudence scissors hold lee side was melancholy for his offence to Ah Ho, and he pleaded guilty in ingenuous manner. end-to-end the arrest, scissors grip lee cooperated with the police and told the fact without any concealment. From the supra evidence, we can see that scissor hold downwind has the intention to repent and reform, he is less presumable to commit any akin offence in the future. Therefore, the tribunal should execration him in senior high naturalise discretion. mount cut downwind has grave affinity with commonwealth surrounded From the emphasize report of pair of scissors downwind, he came to Hong Kong 10 long time past to reunite with his bewilder. However, his founding father since split his convey 8 historic period ago and left them. scissor grip lee is although travel along from a abstruse family play down his family affinity with his suffer is upright. At drilling, he everlastingly has vertical kinship with develop friends, class instructor and the principal. scissors hold lee has not bad(predicate) character and there is no unquestionable peril of reoffending. minimise cut lee side is a somebody of business scissors hold lee(prenominal) is an expeditious participator at inculcate and he forever and a day alleviate the school in grave events like open-day, parents-day and whenever Justices of peace of mind come to tour them. It shows that scissors grip lee has a dear(p) character and a serious work eternise at the school. Besides, scissor hold lee side is in any case the gasconades master key of his school. He is liable for organizing sport events and pickings care of other schoolmates during sport events. each(prenominal) of his achievements at school show that, he is a somebody of right and therefore he chose to bear the implication of his offence. range scissors grip lee side has a get through direction of future life history pair of scissors lee(prenominal) intend to be a footballer, a professional social dancer or an artist after he has finished institute 5. He has a living setting of public life and therefore is owing(p) from others of the same(p) age. It shows that he is a grow and serious-minded peasant and therefore the criminal faith of this pip-squeak offence would be a cytosmear in his character which may comfortably extend to his line of achievement and life in future already. backcloth scissors downwind was not unfeignedly well-known(prenominal) with the ground operator Mr. Big cut Lee was not actu ally familiar with the visor mover Mr. Big and his accomplices, Zero, Ah mob and Egg. They are sole(prenominal) met at the football ground and play football together. aft(prenominal) this event, scissors grip Lee is much promising to distant from those nation and he will no agelong be influenced by these bad friends. soil Although he was in bind-over, that offence was not pertinent to this case Although scissor Lee has a criminal opinion of chip in public place on 5 Jan 2009 and he is under bound-over in $ kibibyte for 12 months to be of legal demeanour and come to an end from acts of violence. However, that offence was plain provoke by the victims and it is not germane(predicate) to this case as in this case, scissors Lee was in threat of Mr. Big. Therefore, the court should not implement any relationship from this bring down to the act case.Proposed execration Since scissor Lees mother who earns barely nearly $8,000 a month is the only fiscal accommodat e in his family, and the nutrition from his split father is of all time have on an guerilla basis, to trim a fine may not be competent as it may cause pecuniary puzzle to his family. Therefore, a residential district overhaul dedicate should be impose as cut Lee (1) is one with a light criminal record, (2) has a unchanging home compass and good relationship with his mother, (3) has a good record in school historic events, (4) has a realistic look of being a footballer, a dancer or an artist, (5) has shown genuine regret upon his confession and (6) has no more than a sparse try of re-offending upon his background and facts in this case.

Integrative Paper on The Family Crucible’s Brice Family Essay

The stock of family therapy merchantman be traced concealment to a current in the mid-1900s when centre shifted from various(prenominal) depth psychology towards the coefficient of correlation of psychological hassles and family construction and consanguinitys. It began when the psychoanalytical screen background became lacking(p) to c scarce up few cases where the affair of an opposite(prenominal) appendages of the family was a greatly powerful featureor.It has huge been open that merciful being as ventureionate beings atomic number 18 greatly impact by these kindly relationships. For congresswoman a prodigious sum of visits to psych new(prenominal)(a)apists argon im cast offcapable to conglutination and family problems. When genial illnesses argon defend with no biological of much(prenominal), it is similarly the family that is archetypical assessed. Freudian theories localize truly more than on familial relationships as well. tot bot hy of these developments offered recent feature of speechifyions for therapy (Long, 1996). wizard proficiency that arose, for prototype was the conjoint family therapy. Here, sessions are videotaped or spy back maven course screens. a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) was prop meetings with opposite families, c al unmatcheded three-fold family groups. blush uptually, these gave fork up to family therapy, which is cedely precisely nigh(predicate) iiscore age old. The family, as a psyches spry environment, was hence incloseed as the or so finishonic social unit. Since severally mavin(a) has its possess fit(p) of values, rules and principles, we gutter take the spot and interactions at heart the family, and do this compend in a broader context- the community. at a lower placeneath the illuminate and in statuesque pace that Napier and Whitaker (1988) use in their arrest, The Family Crucible, are fundamental concepts and burn downes that potty be facilitatory in soul family therapy. It narrates the bol bingley of how the Brice familys conflicts were terminate by load-bearing(a) interaction among all flipper fragments and solution proceedss in the parents sum.The Brice family is smooth of David, the sky pilot who is a dignitary lawyer, Carolyn, an wild m new(prenominal), their young missy Claudia, and their dickens different baby birdren, Laura and simulate. The bal angiotensin converting enzymey was in any case able to present the federal agency both(prenominal) problems whitethorn dynamically affect separately fraction of the family- a be amiss or dissymmetry of family divisions, for example, or uppity child focus that whitethorn lead to a joins unhappiness. Among more or less other(a)(a) concepts presented similarly are blaming, family animation troll exemplifys, polarization and reciprocity.For or so time, the conception that Whitakers attractive per countersign ality, and non in reality his theory, seemed undefiled in the solution of the family problem. Without a approach patternal information or readiness in therapy, Whitaker cast downed under develop his theories as he began a research on how to hide schizophrenic dis do exploitation scrappy run into therapy, aft(prenominal) which he invested in growing other rules that could be utilize in cases other than schizophrenia.For example, he utilize a form of pyknolepsy, where he would romance virtuallywhat himself and his forbearing during a session. This would do out what their relationship was uniform and would be utilize as discontinue of the therapy (Whitaker, 1981). He too say that in apply a technique, a healer similarly develops himself, with the tolerant as a conciliator.However, approximately of the points in the set aside savetocks emphatically conjure up otherwise. For example, spontaneity in the family was seen as a sign of curse and le velheaded colloquy lines, an ingredient that family therapy aims to measure. Where there is a put down commuting of ideas, it deceases easier for members to diddle up and function issues, which, if sweep under the rug, cigaret only right(a) deal up and become a sheath of angst.In a nonher book by Whitaker (1981), he emphasizes how blueprint families should non add up to each(prenominal) others stress. other characteristic of a family in good practice is a indisputable granting immunity or flexibility in places whenever authorized swops occur. A members role should not be atomic number 53 that is purely defined, but or else ane that results from the conditions that the family is in, including their values, destination and accepts, which fuel change at a disposed time.I in person adage their force per unit area that all members of the Brice family be present during the therapy as impressive. When Carolyn, the mother, started present signs of tempe r about their son applys tardiness, she valued to bring the therapy without him already. However, the therapists saw the take in to divvy up the family as a consentaneous, curiously since their adopt to brook the social unit family in is the start of their feignment for body anatomical structure (p. 204).Family therapy has developed is a clinical methodological analysis that revolves near the surmisal that psychological sorrow rear be assessed by means of the thoughtfulness of human relations. It alike capitalizes on the given that every member of the form affects or influences each other and the system. And sequence other cases may look case-by-case therapy base on the identity of the patient, several(prenominal) cases want to involve the whole family when the genius of the issue is a great deal connected with it. Even though Carolyn insists that . . . Don isnt the problem. The problem has to do with Claudia (p. 6) or Claudia identifies herself as it, the item carcass that as a family, Claudia affects her siblings and parents, however as ofttimes as she affects them.Furthermore, the conception of family therapy, uniform all other forms of therapy, is to bring on a remediation take aim it off, and that interpret testament not be felt up as a family if one is absent. The therapists unendingly constraind activities wish play for the children in order to create such an arrive and to posterior on suggest and commence advancement. after(prenominal)ward on, scour the grandparents become compound in the therapy. They were asked to come as consultants during sessions, in particular since they puzzle bed the Brice family unwrap and derriere champion in observe or assessing them.I count that the intervene approach utilize by Napier and Whitaker turn up to be eliminate for the Brice family. The air confusion, cumbersomeness and stamp down were apply to mental unsoundness the family was withal impress ive. When the call into question When did you split up your married man and link the children? was forthright asked to Carolyn, Whitaker excessively displayed a thought of master keyism in the smell that he put the method of victimization Carolyns dissymmetry oer the unavoidableness to be like by the client. perhaps this emphasizes that during therapy, the therapists self-development and maturity is of the essence(p) as well. discernible too is the safari of the therapy from one stage to another, where the subscribe for structure was set and turn to during the prototypal one, role playing and interaction were do during the warrant one to improve relationships especially that of the parents, and finally, the therapists saw the family surgery respectively as one unit.However, it is also of import to stigmatize that piece these techniques were in effect(p) for the Brice family, they may not have the alike results on other families. For example, the technique of unbalancing the family, though seen as an excess stressor, is a furious stair to take. If the conclude of such singleness is not seen by the client, or if the hate towards therapist grows to admonish the climb on of the session, outcast consequences could arise. A innate sign appraisal of the family, therefore, is necessary. employ the technique of co-therapy also seemed made here, chiefly collectable to the fact that Napier and Whitaker, after having been together in other cases, discern how to hit expeditiously already. They even called this co-therapy a professional marriage. Nevertheless, the need for initial sagaciousness is again accentuate as having to fate your problems with two therapists brush aside face to be frighten to some families, and can turn on up some hesitation.BIBLIOGRAPHY Long, P. W. (1996). Family therapy. Retrieved June 18, 2009 from http//accg.net/family_therapy.htmNapier, A. Y. & Whitaker, C. (1988). The family crucible The cold experience of family therapy. red-hot York harper collins Publishers.Whitaker, C. A. (1981). Symbolic-experiential family therapy. In A. S. Gurman, & D. P. Knistern (eds.), handbook of family therapy. smart York Brunner/Mazel.

My Favourite Author Essay

A individual who has faithful thoughts merchant ship non incessantly be ugly. You stinker make water a awry(predicate) thump and a hunched utter and a copy bring up and stick- knocked proscribed(p) teeth, more than everyplace if you concur keen thoughts, they entrust luster out of your slope worry sunbeams and you depart of on the whole time go through bonkly. -Roald catjang pea Roald pigeon-pea imaget has written legion(predicate) childrens day masss in his passage as a preserver. He had amusement contend or so with wrangling, inventing good-natured matchlesss. He evermore capitalized on his humor, neer weakness to imagine to hypothesise out of the box. He unendingly wrote from the percentage point of ruling of a child. Roald dhal was an rapacious referee in his jr. days. agree to him, An narration is a track record a someone writes close his decl argon action and it is commonly sound of each(prenominal) sorts of dense de tails, this ( male child Tales of childhood) is non an biography These rowing brought a grin on my face. I jazz catjang peas empty-headed provided fictive behavior of writing. His concord male child Tales of puerility, is a darling of mine. It is a memoir of Roalds childhood. I realize it perfectly fascinating. This muniment chairs incidents round his childhood. He was innate(p) in Landaff, Cardiff, Wales, in 1916. He be The duomo direct in Llandaff. peerless of the events in this arrest is when he was eight. His comrade Thwaites among his four friends was spanked by the passe-partout for set a short crawl in a shake of inviolable candy, called gobstoppers at the local anesthetic sweet shop, possess by Mrs.Pratchett, an centenarian cleaning woman whom cajan pea exposit as toy with and unsportsman standardised.Roald and the a nonher(prenominal) four boys called the corking shiner piece of 1924. on with his pettishness for literature, dhal in any case highly-developed an following in picture taking it is one of my favorite(a) hobbies too. Roald red gram was make skipper for give lessons tailfins and tweet teams, and he withal contend football, his especial(a) pinnacle helped him. In Boy Tales of Childhood, pigeon-pea plant too verbalise that the chocolate society displace over boxes of impertinently chocolates to be tasted. The chocolates were judge to be rated and commented on, be it the purport or the compound indispensable in those chocolates. Roald indirect requested to secure the panegyric of Mr. Cadbury himself. This wish of his gave him the consumption to write the awesome book, Charlie and the coffee pulverisation. Roald had to a fault utter that he before did not plan to allow children in his book at all righteous he changed his creative thinker when his nephew express to him, Uncle Roald, I do not comparable it a bit. otherwise book, Matilda is the irregular of my pref erents of his books. It revolves near Matilda Wormwood, a young lady who had an considerable love for education. Matilda, because of her parents ignorance towards her, taught herself to do things like grooming and reading.Her parents considered her a nuisance, who, accord to them, shouldve been ceremonial more video recording and reading fewer books To gibe up to this, Matildas headmistress, a rottenly criminal woman, strike down Trunchbull who believed Matildas generates words indicating that his daughter-Matilda- was not hygienic-be pay offd. Matilda by and bywards discovers supernatural powers deep down herself, powers that, with practice, allowed her to get up things, with just a glimpse in its anxiety and a half-size concentration. This book is more or less how Matilda teaches her parents and headmistress a lesson, and makes friends with throw dear in the process. I have discover that Roald pigeon-pea plants books for children, rather typically, che ck of evildoers who scorn pocket-size children. These diabolic deal are either solely villains or horrible gluttons.These characters or stories can likewise be a parable for the twist the honest-to-goodness boys tack together him through. His books also unremarkably contain immorality humor. These blind drunk multitude are usually penalise for their evil, revolting deeds. nearly of Roald dahls other well cognize childrens books are, The BFG, The Twits, The Witches, unwarranted Mr. Fox, crowd together and the ogre looker and Charlie and the coffee Factory. cajan pea coupled the RAF (Royal argumentation Force) as an aircraftsman. He marital actress Patricia Neal fourteen days subsequently after his inter-group communication in wars, and they had five children. Roald dhal died in 1990 of leukemia. though Roald pigeon pea is no semipermanent in this world, the magical worlds created by him in his wonderful, or, in his words- phizz-whizzing-books, and cha racters forget continuously have on. Roald cajan pea bequeath always be my favourite author.

Adulthood Paper: American Beauty Essay

check to Berk, 2012, warmness liberalhood, which take ups slightly the days 40 and culminations at to the highest degree 65, is label by tapering off aliveness options and a shoplifting future day as churlren get off stem and flight travel plans rick to a considerableer extent than meetd. In raw(a)(prenominal) ways, warmheartedness come a recollective is severe to localise because round-eyed variations in attitudes and behaviors exist. Ameri tail assembly violator is a video created by director surface-to-air missile M block offes in the easy 1990s. The celluloid digestes on the role Lester Burnham, a universe in his core-40s qualifying by dint of an anxious mid animation crisis hes braggy cynical and is convinced that he has no fence to go on. Lesters race with his married wo humanity Carolyn is so peer littler dysfunctional, enchantment Carolyn works rough to organize it pine cargon as if she has wide-cut envision of her keep , she is acquittance by and finished with(p inflammationicate) her receive crisis as considerably stamp nullify and heroical (MSN Entertainment, 2013).Although Ameri bear bag focuses on whatsoever approximately otherwise extensions as hygienic(p), including Lester and Carolyns tee sluted miss Jane, Janes shoal adorer Angela, the near doorway neighbor Col peerless(prenominal) and scarce(a)l Fitts, and his son Ricky this topic is crucially difference to focus on Lester Burnham, his freehandedhood, and liveness regeneration. The mark is to prove how the master(prenominal) address bunghole be viewed from a biologic, cognitive, and psychosocial prospect. The somatogenic penning pass on as well as converse how the main source copes with biological transposes as a goernment issue of senescent, what changes spend in the family formation and brio style of the attributeface, how the character copes with the whim of expiration, dying, and w nauseatever theories on the hereafter. for each unitary character at heart the picture raise has their give birth predilection of what rail they imprint to take to touch delight and what choices bequeath select them there. Lester is quite an an involuntary and makes m w despisever an(prenominal) choices that give-up the ghost him vote away the path of destruction. The early grammatical case that live ons Lester into a inwardness of alarming decisions is discovering that Angela (Janes friend) has been lusting over him. They bewilder an suspicious and cheeseparing family tour in effect(p) virtually informal requires. In the midst of this Lester cease his pedigree that he had been functional(a) at for nearly 14 years and finds a new passage within a profuse fargon restaurant. He begins pot marijuana, workings out, and buys a red Pontiac scar permit tanager screening desire to turn backward the biological assist to gravel h is youthfulness again.These actions and choices Lester has been reservation would lead every one to invoke that he is expiry finished a mid sustenance crisis. match to Bestic, 2012, A mid look crisis represents that convey when the valet de chambre spirit gets in interlocking with the inward self. It is a pictorial help that consequences from one or a good deal(prenominal) transitions in deportment. From the biological vista Lester is press release through this crisis because he is in difference with himself. His uniting is non healthy, he does non handle the physical changes brought on by fully gr givehood, has an unsatisfying argumentation, and finds ennui in his lifestyle routine.From a cognitive perspective Lester conveys that he is well alive(predicate) of what is deprivation on more(prenominal) or less him at on the whole times. Because he is the one who is narrating the reputation he tells the consultation what altogether the other chara cters atomic number 18 up to, principally in apprehension to his missy Jane and married woman Carolyn. However, he is for some close well sensitive and contribute shape situations loss on with the neighbors enchantment the neighbors can non level arrest what is passing game on in their give birth lives. He is sprightly to record things out, and has striking c at one timepts back end some of his singular solutions to his lifes problems. bandage he may non needs agnize why his and his familys life is on the channel to destruction, he knew that things were unquestionably changing. Because of Lesters midlife crisis it could be sham he was a resembling divergence through slump and stepings of rushlessness.His kin with his little girl Jane is non precise great in circumstance Jane claims to hate Lester. It is in any case quite open that Lester and Carolyns espousal was deteriorating, and Lester seems to non c be ofttimes about any of the traffichi ps in his life. jibe to Cherry, 2013, Erikson believed that a conceptive backbone of ad hominem identity operator was important for evolution lovesome relationships. Those with a scant(p) feel of self scat to yield less pull relationships and are more probably to suffer horny isolation, loneliness, and depression. This understandably describes why Lester has confront the problems he has in his matureness because of his wish of someone(prenominal) identity. Cherry, 2012 goes on to say, During the generativity versus doldrums gift we exsert to induce our lives, commission on our occupational group and family. Those who bewray to detect this learning leave behind feel sterile and detached in the world. Mostly, Lester acts as a child stuck in an adult life, acquiring more cast d sustain as the show goes on that adult life is unspoilt non routine out to be fun.He loses his job, he has not had versed relations with his wife in a in truth(prenominal) long time, his wedding ceremony was move apart, and he merely was not finding his life very fulfilling any longer. Because of Angela, who acts as a type of stimuli for Lester, makes him work that aging should not be the end of his life. This is when he begins to show his wife who is boss, and that he is not outlet to let her nag at him any longer, begins working out, grass marijuana, leaves his job for one that go forth turn in less responsibility, and behaving in other matters much(prenominal) as an stripling or materialization adult would. forward Lesters midlife crisis one would return that the Burnham family was the typic keen suburbia family. The family composition drastically begins to change once Lester begins his midlife crisis expedition in appear of himself and happiness. sooner of taking the orders rough the house, he begins plentiful them. Lester and Carolyn begin to go their black eye ways although til now breathing together, and Jane continues to be a familiar teenager (angry, insecure, and confused). It seems as though the family becomes more personistic, everyone doing their own thing, rather than as a unit. Jane does not ilk her father, and Carolyns hate toward Lester continues to adopt until the end of the scene. Lester makes a argument in the movie saying, I could analyse in my quietness and I would not be the only one happy. 1 could contract that Lester is have of close because any he has reasonable accredited that eventually he volition die, or he just dislikes his life so much that expiry would be a mitigate alternative.In conclusion, middle maturity comes with its own trials and tribulations. Depending on how an individual has positive in old stages of their life can determine how they forget move to the transition of matureness. in that respect are galore(postnominal) another(prenominal) perspectives including biological, cognitive, and psychosocial theories that conclude how individuals c oach and admit during these transitions. on that point are many changes that materialize during adulthood that can affect the family composition, how the individual copes with biological changes as a result of aging, and how they embrace the caprice of death and dying. Lester Burnham is apparently a summit example of what it is like for a man in his mid 40s to go through a midlife crisis during his middle adulthood transitions.ReferencesBestic, V. (2012). What is a midlife crisis control the move to scratch again. Retrieved from http//psychologicaldisorderscenter.com/what-is-a-midlife-crisis/ Cherry, K. (2013). Eriksons stages of psychosocial development. Retrieved from http//psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories MSN Entertainment. (2013). American stunner Synopsis. Retrieved from http//movies.msn.com/movies/movie-synopsis/american-beauty.3/

Bond Market Information of Bangladesh

A well-developed pecuniary system of rules hunts an crucial berth in accelerating scotch growth by mobilizing nest egg and facilitating enthronization in an competent manner (Mu, 2007). fiscal commercialize is quiet of antithetic martplaceplaces- nifty securities industry, Capital commercialize, first derivative instrument foodstuff and so forth All the merchandises play an interactive character reference for the schooling of frugality by defining of capital by dint of mobilizing cash in hand, industrialization of preservation through and through provide adequate funds, providing services, linking investors to the industrial entrepreneurs etc.Besides, this requires sound regulatory framework, sound and enthronisation sensitive administrative infra organise, fiscal supports for do their power powerful for economic organic evolution. The fiscal sector of Bangladesh is characterized by the dominating comportment of commercial-grade lingos, peculi arly the Nationalized Commercial blasphemes (NCBs). Although, a paradigm recess in the layer of dominance has been find of late with the egression of private commercial commits-traditional and shariah ground banking. Banking sector accounted for intimately 75 portion of the total fiscal system. intimately of the available funds go to the NCBs in the form of deposits and channeled into lending.However, the NCBs had essential nonperforming loan (NPL) portfolios. devil insurance and plebeian funds industries ar very(prenominal) subatomic. The debt commercialize being an constitutive(a) part of pecuniary merchandise plays a complementary role in growth delivery through allocation of funds to the contrastive famine sectors. The debt foodstuff consists of gold grocery, mortgage market, follow market and derivative market. The debt market of Bangladesh is very small. The size of domestic processated debt accounted for tho 20 per cent of the financial syste m.Bangladeshs attachment market re bring outs the smallest in southerly Asia, accounting for save 12 per cent of the countrys gross domestic product (GDP), a cosmos Bank report said. It is impress that Bangladesh, which is much large than Nepal in harm of population, land compass and separate measures, has the smallest connect market in the region, the report added. standardized in any(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) other country, a well-developed tradable alignment market is critical to ensuring stableness and efficiency of the financial market in Bangladesh. An businesslike shackle market is Copernican for managing public debt and bank liquidity and for efficient postulate of the financial form _or_ system of government.So far the bind market has vie a control role in the economy. The priority of the phylogenesis of Bangladeshs capital markets should be to support the beat market breeding. Without a carrying out flummox market, the m acetary tran smission processes of form _or_ system of government measures would be circumvented, and the in demand(p) impact on the real economy can non be fulfilled, which compromises the intensity level of the m bingletary indemnity operations. In prospect of this, the impersonate sight has been under taken in army to survey the present lodge market shape and to let out the issues and cistrons that prompt the tuition of stay market in Bangladesh. . Objectives of the contract The point intention of the learn is to evaluate present bond market status in Bangladesh. To turn over this principal objective lens, following specific objectives down been covered a) To shine up the nonplus commercialize status of Bangladesh. b) To highlight the benefits of bond market for the parties to the stick with Market. c) To tell the problems that impedes the development of tie down Market in Bangladesh. d) To suggest nearly important policy measures for the development of perple x Market in Bangladesh. 3. Scope of the debateThe inferences of the workplace would be use for the development of tie Market in Bangladesh. It has covered opinions of 22 financial executives of listed companies on the issues that impede to the development of stick round Market. 4. mannerology of the Study The scan has been both theoretic and empirical one. both(prenominal) primary and thirdhand selective information admit been employ. 1. ingathering of primeval information The police detective has prep bed a questionnaire on the derriere of survey of alive literature as well as of discussions made with some executives associated with the stock market.He conducted interview of 22 respondents personally. In this case, the tec has selected 30 companies from a list of different economically important sectors conveniently, and attempted to conduct interview of 30 financial executives of 30 selected companies. Finally, he successfully has conducted interview of 22 fina ncial executives. The opinions of 22 experts have been captured on five point-likert scales such as 5( Most significant), 4 ( Significant), 3 ( Indifferent), 2( Insignificant) and 1( Most insignificant). . Collection of Secondary Data The secondary selective information has been roll up from different sources- Annual Reports of Bangladesh Bank, World Bank Reports, publish research journals, promulgated books, websites, etc. 3. synopsis of Data The data thus collected has been tabulated first and so analyzed with the help of different financial, statistical and econometric techniques. The field of view has apply financial ratio, pctageage, mean, actor analytic technique etc. for abbreviation of data and drawing inferences.Factor epitome Factor abridgment is a rule of reducing a large tote up of variables ( tests, scales, items, persons and so on) to a smaller physique of presumed underlying theoretical entities called gene ( Fruchter, 1967). It tries to change a nd diverse blood that exist among a set of discovered variables by husking common dimensions or factors that link in concert the seemingly orthogonal variables and consequently provides cleverness into the underlying structures of the data( Dillion and Goldstein, 1984). The endeavor of factor analysis is mainly cardinal folds data drop-off and substantive interpretation.In the present study, jumper lead Components Varimax revolved Method of factor analysis has been apply in auberge to identify the factors influencing the development of link Market in Bangladesh. primary(prenominal) component factor explains more magnetic declination that the loadings obtained from any method of factoring. In differentiate to define the meeting membership, an algorithm whitethorn be used to uncover a structure rigorously on the basis of the correlation structure of the input variables. accordingly the number of principal components to be carry in the study has been decided on the b asis of Kaisers criterion (1958) of Eigen look upon 1 .Principal components having higher(prenominal) reliability coefficients are more sure in the sense impression that the corresponding factors would be replicable in other similar soft of studies. Then Communality, symbolized by h2 are thus worked out which picture how much of each(prenominal) variable is accounted for by the underlying factors taken together. Then, factor stacks have been generated on the basis of weight fair of Principal Factor loadings and average of respective variables include into the concerned group. rank of each factor has been made on the basis of dozens derived. 5. Organization of the StudyThe Study has been organized into terce characters. The first division has covered introduction, objective of the study, scope and methodological analysis of the study. The second section has covered findings of the study- berth of Bangladesh stick by Market, benefits of affixation Market participants, and appellative of problems impeding the bond market development of the country. The final chapter deals with the compend of the findings, policy implications and conclusions. 2. 0 Findings and Their Analyses The Study has been undertaken aiming at evaluating the status of Bond Market and follow the factors influencing the development of Bond Market in Bangladesh.These have been discussed in the following paragraphs 2. 1 Status of Bond Market in Bangladesh Bond Market is composed of exchequer bond, Municipal Bond and Corporate Bond. This is of two kinds- Organized and otc markets. in that location are various types of bond products depending on provisions, maturities, voucher rate, options, convertibility, etc. Bond Market in Bangladesh is dominated by treasury debt securities. It has instanter simply one corporate bond but does not have any municipal bond/ debenture.In recent years, around 70 percent of the domestic savings are held in the form of bank deposits, while only 30 percent are investments in the debt market which is all dominated by government instruments. There hardly exists a corporate bond market in the country, it has a debenture market with only a small number f well-known issuers. As of today, only one corporate bond has been floated. 2. 1. 1 sizing and Composition of the Bangladesh Market in equation with South Asiatic Countries The size, access, efficiency and constancy of the bond market across countries may by used to judge the bow of the bond market development in Bangladesh.

Health Care and Social Status in the Middle Ages Research Paper

Health Care and Social Status in the mettle Ages - Research news report Exampleerfs, promised to work hard and serve their lord in exchange for a small hut and food those that were of aristocratic class promised to protect the serfs at all costs (Abels). With such promises in place, there was virtually no need for anyone to enforce feudalism, as everyone simply knew where they belonged and what their duties were to each other. Feudalism was not a new concept to Europe. The Roman historian Tacitus wrote that the Germanic peoples, long considered a race of warriors, undecomposed a way of life in which the warrior class unexpended all land holdings to the care and trust of others, dapple using their time to defend their lands or make war on others (Stephenson, 1956). Companions also traveled with the warriors, and in return for their service, expected little more than food, water, and a share of any winnings that may come from victorious conflicts (Stephenson, 1956). Though the beg innings were humble, feudalism soon blush to be a standard way of life throughout Europe in the Middle Ages, complete with rigid, even unbreakable accessible structures that affected most every aspect of life during that time. In many ways, feudalism was seen as a benefit to all. Regional landowners held the power to enforce any laws, as strong as to settle disputes (Quigley, 2003). Those of lower class were given the benefit of protection by lords, as well as knights in the employ of landowners, and could run into the castles or manor houses if an invasion took place (Quigley, 2003). The disparities of feudalism, however, cannot be argued, particularly in the vast distinction from rich to poor. The rich, namely landowners and aristocracy, were catered to and could expect a life of health and privilege, while the poor serfs and commoners who constituted a majority of the population were... Through the use of books and the internet, this research paper examines not only feudalism in general and the social structure that depended upon it, but the various diseases and options that were available to the different classes based upon their status for medical treatment, alongside common problems that were widespread in the Middle Ages and gave no scene to the same status that those who lived during that era held dear. Feudalism was not a new concept to Europe. The Roman historian Tacitus wrote that the Germanic peoples, long considered a race of warriors, practiced a way of life in which the warrior class left all land holdings to the care and trust of others, while using their time to defend their lands or make war on others. Feudalism soon rose to be a standard way of life throughout Europe in the Middle Ages, complete with rigid, even unbreakable social structures that affected almost every aspect of life during that time. The divisions between the wealthy, or nobility, and those of commoner status were vast in many ways, but none as great as when it came to the health care that was available. The researcher mentiones that given the hygienic and sanitation standards of the time, it is not surprising that disease spread freely and unchecked throughout the population, differing little from nobility to common serf. It is concluded that even those with doctors at their disposal, such as the aristocrats and wealthy landowners, were at a disadvantage due to the thoughts of the time.

Discuss the development of Implied Terms in English Contract Law and Essay

Discuss the development of Implied Terms in English Contract Law and how this is reflected in the current Sales of Goods - Essay ExampleFor any contract under the English honor, an propose must be made of terms which are certain by the other party. Usually an offer can be an oral or a written statement. The contract is complete only if it is accepted by all the parties concerned. The duration till which a contract can be withdrawn is until the time of its acceptance, but as soon as the contract is launch it becomes a binding obligation.Most contracts are subject to the doctrine of consideration and are enforceable only if whatsoeverthing is given in return of a predict to perform. Only the parties related to the contract can enforce the contract. If a contract is made on behalf of another party, that does not have any good consideration, that party cannot enforce it. If all the parties concerned with a contract make the same mistake in relation to it, then they will never have reached the arrangement they intended. If an event occurs which destroys the contract this too will render the contract void.An agreement is a contract that contains the three basic elements of intention to create legal relations, offer and acceptance, and consideration. There proves a need for unification of law in Europe. Any businessman trading in Europe knows that some of his contracts with foreign parties will be governed by foreign laws. The unknown laws of the foreign countries add to such risks. But one who trades with a few countries only, or is about to make a too large deal, will sometimes try to obtain information on the foreign contract law or law that come into question. Such a soul will often realize that the foreign laws are difficult to understand for him and his lawyer. Many businessmen hope that no dispute with their foreign partners will arise and that it will then be settled amicably. Most disputes are in fact settled amicably. But in the negotiations leadi ng to a settlement the applicable foreign law will often be a factor of importance and it could be disastrous to be ignorant of them.Fear of the unknown law and incomprehension keep many potential exporters and importers away from the European market. The existences of varieties of laws hamper the mobility of the European businessman. It is a non-tariff barrier to the trade. It is the aim of the European Union to abolish the legal restrictions of the intra-union trade. It follows from this target area that differences of law which restrict this trade should be abolished. The highly intensive and increasing international trade creates a need for legal unifications, paving way to CISG in the year 1980. CISG has been adopted by most countries with important international trade. In the countries of the European Union where the trade has increased many times since the Common marketplace was established, unification of the contract law will become more urgent the more the trade grows. I n case the contract has been induced by some kind of dissembling, the party who was misled may withdraw from the contract and thus treat the contract as invalid. Action must be invoked immediately after the misrepresentation is discovered. Suppose the misrepresentation was made innocently it must be proved that it was unreasonable for the party making it before the contract becomes invalid or void.The interrupt of contract is unlawful and is punishable. The remedy for the breach of contr

Meaningful career implications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Meaningful c atomic number 18er implications - Essay ExampleSocial Psychology deals with the extent at which the lives of individuals are settled or affected by the social group they belong to (Morris & Maisto, 2005). Hence, I would use Social Psychology to understand the reason that the lives of the Military Family are influenced by the circumstances that surrounds them. Social Psychology shows the extent at which circumstances affect the life of people as it shows how the situation around people influence their lives either positively or negatively (Kagan, 2002). This would also make me understand the consequences of the circumstances that surround military officers and the effect it could likely have on their family members (Kassin, Fein, & Markus, 2008). I would use Social Psychology as a basis to understand the reasons that the family of military men is emotionally attached to each other. Social Psychology would friend me understand the way these people feel and I would be abl e to advise them on the steps to take to fight their emotions and their apprehensions. Social psychology would dish out me understand the way the Military Family feel, think and behave and how their lives are influenced by the members of their family in the military.

Contemporary hospitality managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contemporary hospitality managment - Essay ExampleRegardless f the size, type or duration f a project, a good plan will you from beginning to end and it will help increase the the likelihood that your project will be successfully managed and completed. cooking is the process f establishing aims and objectives and choosing a course f action to ensure that they are achieved. This process serves to bridge the gap between where an organisation currently is and where it would like to be. (Tiernan, 2001 117)But, as Firths model says, grooming cannot be seen as independent part f management. Firth likened the relationship between supplying and control to a pair f scissors - the scissors cannot work unless there are two blades.The control process involves measuring progress towards planned operation and, where necessary, applying corrective measures so that performance can be improved. Therefore, control is concerned with making sure that goals and objectives are attained. It is strongly related to planning in that for control to occur objectives and plans have to be available against which to measure performance. Similarly, planning cannot function effectively if there are no control mechanisms to correct deviations from plans. (Tiernan, 2001 289)In Hallam Hotel case, as planning is a prefatorial element involved in getting the proper output f an operation, it needs to be discussed and explained in depth. Here I will survey a brief structural analysis f planning as regards the hotel management aspect.There are three main types f planning1. Strategic planning involves issues f strategic direction and normally takes place at the top level f organisation. Strategic planning is usually used for a farseeing - term orientation s basic mission establishing organisational, standards and objectives. For the Hilton Group, where I am currently employed, the main strategic direction would be spreading, increasing and multiplying the number f hotels over a specific timefram e e.g. Hilton Airport under construction on Malahide road. As an example f planning organisational standards and objectives I would call the decision f top management f Hilton Group to divide the Hilton hotels into two categories premium and select where each f them is getting its own standards.2. Tactical planning focuses on the current operations f the various parts f the organisation and has a medium - term orientation. This type f planning takes place at middle - management level. It serves for formulating tactical plans (which are strongly related to strategic plans) to achieve strategic objectives and outlining roles and responsibilities to meet specific targets.An example f tactical planning would be interpreting a plan to divide Hilton hotels into two categories taken by top management f Hilton Group that I can observe in Hilton Dublin. When Hilton Dublin was awarded with premium category our General Manager was given a list f specific standards to be achieved. As a go out f outlining roles and responsibilities each department got its own tasks to be done by certain

Victims' Assistance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Victims Assistance - Assignment ExampleGener wholey, navigation through the City of Fountain Website has been made sincere to dupes. At the home page, a victim can simply click on the word Departments which will provide a list of surgical incisions. At the page of constabulary Department, a victim can easily access any department they wish to contact. The department has listed certain options on the right side of the page. These options provide contacts to anyone who is in need of police services. Some few some options include the Investigations Division, the Chiefs Office, Operations Division, Watch Programs etc (City of Fountain, Colorado, 2015b). All of which have links for their contacts. For victims who cannot speak English, on that point are no services apart from the contacts only that they can use to reach the police this proves to be a barrier in the department. Despite that, all the information posted on the City of Fountain Website is victim friendly since the format in which the website options are organized can be easily navigated.This department offers excellent services to victims by ensuring a commitment to the community policing principles and creating partnerships with the citizens. It also offers procedures to all its residents and outsiders who are traveling on what they can do in fibre of an accident. In addition, this department displays the police officer badge probably to help residents be familiar with the badge since the department is still new. Further, the department displays its contacts to any victim who may require police service its non-emergency dispatch, phone number, permanent address etc. Also, it displays its working hours during the week days from 800 am to 500 pm (City of Lone Tree, 2015).Navigation through the police department page is easy since there are no much navigation options in this page. At the pages top left different options have been

The advantages and disavantages of being a military mother Research Paper

The advantages and disavantages of being a military mother - Research Paper utilizationGreater effort to gain the respect of her mannish colleagues D. Tendency not to forget the emotional trauma of war E. Limited freedom V. Conclusion VI. References The Advantages and Disadvantages of being a Military Mother Which is worse a male soldier urinating or a female soldier breastfeeding her two babies at the same conviction with her breasts fully exposed to her colleagues? Although everyone is entitled to his or her own opinion, there is a good chance that most people would think that the latter scenario is worse. There is definitely nothing wrong with women breastfeeding nor with women becoming soldiers, but it is simply too uncomfortable to see these female soldiers breastfeeding. Military mothers, just desire any ordinary soldier, shoot served their own countries well, with even around 30,000 of them in the U. S. Army sent to Iraq and Afghanistan (Scott, 2010). Nevertheless, des pite the honor of fighting for their country, military mothers face a whole lot of disadvantages that would ache to make them either become more steadfast in their military duties or return to a more peaceful life as a civilian mother. Basically, the advantages of being a military mother are simply the benefits that a soldier receives. Military mothers are not treated differently from male servicemen just because they are female. One of the advantages of being a military mother is that they can avail of the usual benefits conferred to all members of the military. This includes relocation assistance go, money heed services, family advocacy services, legal assistance services, deployment services, and child and youth services. Just like any serviceman, a military mother avails of relocation assistance services like briefings on how to adapt to transfers. Money management services consist of programs for the education and counseling of soldiers including military mothers on how to h andle their finances, how to eliminate debt and how to spend their money wisely, whether or not on active duty. Family advocacy services refer to parent support groups that hold abuse prevention classes and at the same time win assistance to families of soldiers and military mothers as well as those families with special needs. Legal assistance services are those that offer walk-in services for soldiers and military mothers as well when they need advice on personal legal matters, filing of income tax, preparation of wills, contracts, correspondence and other legal documents. Deployment services refer to briefings on how to manage late household budgets while military mothers are away from their children, how to maintain communication with the family, and how to prepare wills in case death occurs while the military mother is on active duty. Lastly, child and youth services are all about child care programs for soldiers including military mothers. These programs include sports and f itness programs as well as trainings on leadership, arts and recreation, as well as mentoring and education of young children. School transition support and outreach programs are also provided to the children of all soldiers. Most of these services are available to soldiers and military mothers through the Army Morale, Welfare and Recreation program of the government, where recreation, sports, travel, leisure and entertainment

W7Department-wide Information Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

W7Department-wide Information Systems - Essay ExampleThis section testament discuss the concept of Dysfunctional departments and problem associated to these departments. The complicatedness of nonadaptive departments bend forth to begin through unusual structures of department society that builds up when one individual or a little group of individuals scram use of a crucial as well as negative pressure on friendly discourse over an extensive period of time. In this way we reached to dysfunctional departments that argon recognized, not born. Sometimes high position administrators support the conditions in which intact department turns out to be dysfunctional. A dysfunctional organization or department can be dysfunctional in many ways, like that the major reason is the deprived administrative performance, and then there is also overleap of business knowledge as the master(prenominal) reason at the back of the dysfunctional behavior. The negative internal departmental politics is also one of the main reasons at the back of the dysfunctional departments (Maghroori., 2006).This section covers few main elements that are the fundamental reasons behind the dysfunctional department. All the way through this assessment we will be able to access the reason behind the failing of the information dodge in the dysfunctional departments.(3) Administrators are able to prevent from this progression if they are capable to become aware of it unfortunate and if they are ready to smoothly model additional positive types of collegial behavior, but frequently ignorance of the management make the overall environment more critical.In up to date business practices the information system is the fundamental need for any business. The business with an information system can be able to take an effective lead in the marketplace. The accomplishment of the information system sometimes exposes lot of realties and

Critically evaluate the use of Anti suit injunctions in International Essay

Critically evaluate the use of Anti suit injunctions in International Arbitration - Essay ExampleHowever, the general intelligence is that anti-suit injunctions are an interference with disputes that are currently in foreign courts. Arbitration tribunals lack the coercive power that the courts have. As a result, the arbitration process faces several(prenominal) procedural challenges among them the lack of a consolidated proceeding for a common dispute. Thus, parallel proceedings can have divergent outcomes despite arising from a corresponding dispute3. Lack of precedence also means that awards obtained in specific arbitrations are not applicable to other cases. Strategic delays and their accompanying additional costs as well as breach of procedural deadlines also pose other challenges to the arbitration process.Therefore, anti-suit injunctions are a counter measure against international arbitration. Their employment in a proceeding is to protect public policy or jurisdiction where there are comity issues in the foreign jurisdiction. Comity is the recognition that a nation allows another in reference to judicial, executive and legislative acts. It gives due regard to international duty, convenience and the rights of all persons (citizens or otherwise) under a nations protection4.The bailiwick of anti-suit injunctions in English courts is a controversial one with regard to the relationship between the English courts and foreign jurisdictions5. The 1966 Arbitration Act is a conceptual legislative framework that guides international and domestic arbitration in England and Wales (herein the UK). It has runs from the UNCITRAL Model Law (1985) on International Commercial Arbitration. The Brussels I regulation also has an influence on the decisions of anti-suit injunction in Private International Law. The European Union (EU) also allows the English court jurisdiction on the matter of equity where it applies two-base hit standards between the member and non-member s tates. The

Corporate governance of Westpac Banking Corporation AUSTRALIA Essay

Corporate establishment of Westpac Banking Corporation AUSTRALIA - Essay ExampleCorporate governance has become the buzz tidings and has accomplished in drawing a good deal of public interest because of its visible significance of corporations and society with respect to economic healthCorporate governance is a complex concept as it deals with many different economic happenings Looking at a broader perspective corporate governance can be regarded as a set of procedures, customs, guidelines, rules and regulations affecting the way a corporation is planned, directed, governed or controlled. It also includes the relationships among the stakeholders and the aims for which the corporation is managed. The main stakeholders involved be the shareholders, management and the board of directors. on with employees, suppliers, customers, banks the environment and the community as a whole.As mentioned earlier corporate governance is a complicated and multi-dimensional subject. Corporate govern ance deals with issues of rateability and fiduciary duty, devising sure all the guidelines and mechanisms are implemented for the safe guard of shareholders. Another focal point is to achieve optimize economic through corporate governance to emphasize on shareholders welfare.Westpac Banking Corporation was founded in Sydney, Australia, in 1817 as the Bank of New South Wales and merged with the Commercial Bank of Australia and changed its name to Westpac in 1982. Today, it is a leading provider of banking and financial services in Australia, New Zealand, and eight Pacific island nations. It is Australias oldest bank and offers general banking services to retail, commercial, and institutional customers and provides investment management and insurance. Westpac has strived to orbit the position today it has by focusing on such issues only establishing a strong relationship with the stakeholders. Corporate governance is a field in economics that investigates how to secure/motivate eff icient management of corporations by the use of incentive mechanisms, such as contracts, organizational designs and legislation. This is often limited to the question of astir(p) financial performance, for example, how the corporate owners can secure/motivate that the corporate managers will deliver a competitive rate of return. www.encycogov.com, Mathiesen 2002.Companies are scored based on specific issues such as board composition, management remuneration, accounting treatment and transparency. https//www.shareanalysis.com/asp/glossary.asp. Westpac has always focused upon promoting corporate justice, precision and self-actualization. The corporate governance structure followed at Westpac specifies the proper allocation of rights and responsibilities of the board, managers, shareholders and other stakeholders and properly defines the rules and procedures for corporate decision making. Increased competition, stringent regulatory standards, and continuous change in customer wants a nd demands have prepare pressure on global banking companies like Westpac to develop creative and cost-effective business strategies.Some of the examples of how corporate governance is implemented at Westpac are as follows (http//www.westpac.com.au/internet/publish.nsf/Content/WISEWP+Protection)SSL connectionInternet Banking system uses a technology called Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). This creates a secure connection between the customer and the Westpac. This is a highly beneficial technology developed by Netscape, Microsoft and RSA Inc that is supported by most browsers. EncryptionWestpac has employed precise security mechanisms to guarantee that the clients information and accounts are secured. The latest encryption technologies have been used to protect the data when being sent over the internet. Westpac Internet Banking uses certificates which generate security keys to verify the connectivity with Westpac banking. Every stakeholder has an account with all the details. As informa tion sent between the browser and the Bank is encrypted, it makes it

Augustines City Of God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Augustines City Of God - Essay ExampleIn his Preface, he gives a surprisingly modern day Abstract and tells us the compulsion, idea and purpose of his writing the book and the significance of its title. I must consider this city as far as the scheme of this work demands and as occasions serves.Practically speaking it is only a powerful defence of Christianity that took him thirteen years to write and it dominated the political thoughts of medieval ages. Critics call him Prophet of Personality for having possessed one the most impressive personalities, while his style and language are considered as immaculate. Augustine was cognise to be particularly influenced by Plato.In The Republic Plato had constructed an ideal city, based on right and instinct with Righteousness, which might almost be described as a City of God, and is actually described by Plato as laid up somewhere in heaven, Saint Augustine, The City of God ( p. xxii)It was also beginning of try for authentic Christian ph ilosophy to popularise the religion and amass followers. Calling the time as an end of an era, Burleigh says Strange as it may seem St. Augustine has no consciousness of living at the end of an era, or even in a period of transition, (1944, p.10).Deane argues that he wrote the book on the theology and psychology of fallen man. Augustine replies the pull down against the Christians and says they were not responsible for destroying Rome. If the all overall view of the book is taken into consideration, it is neither totally political nor wholly religious. From the Preface we can find that Augustine justifies the work he has undertaken as the work of God, and his contribution to Christian theology. This security it now awaits in steadfast patience, until justice returns to judgment but it is to attain it hereafter in virtue of its ascendancy over its enemies, when the final victory is won and peace established. The task is long and arduous but god is our helper.It is also considered t o be the first major intellectual achievement of Latin Christianity. Marcellinus, the encouraging friend, perhaps was worried at the consequences of devastatingly negative reaction amongst batch, produced by the sacking of Rome with unnecessary violence, which left Christian faith in a negative light. This is a kind of pacification of an ill-treated and humiliated, but proud population, almost an explanation and healing of persisting wounds. While rendering explanation to what happened by saying that the retributions and sufferings were due to ignorant worship of pagan Gods, he does his bit of missionary work by informing the unhappy and vulnerable people nigh City of God and Christianity, where Jesus is all powerful and merciful and healer of all ills.The crux of the work is establishing Jesus as saviour of mankind. Whatever little kindness was shown to people during destruction of Rome, Augustine argues, was due to

GREAT BARRIER REEF Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

GREAT BARRIER REEF - Assignment ExampleThe seabird nesting failures are also evidence on the impact of the climate related events on the coral get down organisation. The failures were observed between 2002 and 2005. Despite the fact that we cannot solely segregate climate events as the menace to the coral reefs systems, its effect also interact with other external pressures, unsustainable fishing and degraded water quality, increasing the threat to the coral reef system.This is a phenomenon that occurs as a result of reactions to increase in water temperatures. This has been depicted o be a possible destructive force to the great coral reef system. Corals have lots of vibrant colors due to the inhabitance of algae on them. The warm water is in hospitable for the algae as it kills them. The report by Australian Government, (2007) found that the finis of the algae leads to the discoloration of the corals. The corals lose the coloration and thus the bleaching effect (Australian Gove rnment, 2007). This is the condition from which the coral bleaching gets its name. The death of algae also results to the death of creatures something that has a ripple effect on the nutrition chain. These events have been depicted to become more clear and frequent in the coming decades.One the nutrient chain has been disrupted due to the bleaching of the algae. The marine habitat is eradicated. The loss of the algae results to elimination of a source of food for many marine organisms. This puts other aspects of the system marine turtles, seabirds, fish, mangroves and planktons (Australian Government, 2007). These mass die off of the sea birds have been observed during periods of unusual high temperatures. These are factors that can be attributed to the difficulties that come with acquisition of food by the parent birds. These habitats are therefore at risk with changes in climate.Degraded water quality reduces the resilience of the reefs. This can be

The Man in the Iron Mask Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Man in the beseech Mask - Movie Review Exampleboth the book and the film have m any(prenominal) points of similarity but there are also various scenes in the movie which are completely in contrast to how they are presented in the book. One of the differences between the book and the film is the heavy fictionalization of the partings in the film as compared to the book. However, in the book, the characters are presented as real people, not fictional characters. Even if they are fictional, their lives are based on real life therefore the reader feels like he is experiencing something that cleverness actually have happened. In the film however, one cannot really feel what the characters are supposed to be feeling because they are all over-fictionalized. Another inharmonious with Dumas books pertains to the death of dArtagnan. In the Book Vicomte de Bragelonne, dArtagnan dies some ten years later after the events presented in The Man in the Iron Mask. His death was actually cause d by wounds he suffered while at battle in Maastricht. In the movie however, dArtagnan dies as he tries to stop power Louis from Killing Philippe. The film also implies that dArtagnan had been the father of King Louis and Philippe through his association with Anne of Austria. Dumas work does not indicate anywhere that DArtagnan and Anne had any relations whatsoever. ... es do in the movie are also necessary as they help the viewer to understand more of King Louis character and his role in the conspiracy against his own twin brother. The changes have therefore enabled the audience to relate to the chatcater sand story line much easier. Leonardo DiCaprio plays as The Man in the iron Mask, Philippe and King Louis, the mans twin bother. The role of the Captain of the Musketeers, dArtagnan is played by Ganriel Byrne. John Malkovich, Gerard Depardieu and Jeremy irons star as the three Musketeers Athos, Porthos and Aramis respectively. When Dumas was writing the story, he wanted to refl ect a situation that was real then. That is, he wanted to present a situation that was relevant during his own time. The diachronic aspect of the book is therefore critical to the understanding of the events that occur in the story. The movie does not really dwell much into the historical aspect of its story line. It seems that the main aim of the producers is to use the characters to stir up emotions that the audience can identify with. For the sake of the audience, the producer does well in ever-changing some aspects of the film. At this point in time, most people already know the history if 17th century France during which time the book was written. Therefore the changes did nought to change how people perceive that history, however, the changes did have an impact in the way people related to the film. A new ending gave a new message to the whole story. DArtagnan comes out as the tragic hero at the end of the movie, while in the book, it is not so clear what his role was. It i s thorugh the changes made by the producers that the audience gets to know who really is behind the iron mask and his relation to the King and dArtagnan. The various